Innovations_in_Molecular_Mechanisms_and_Tissue_Engineering_(Stem_Cell_Biology_and_Regenerative_Medicine)

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 175
J. Wilson-Rawls, K. Kusumi (eds.), Innovations in Molecular Mechanisms
and Tissue Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-44996-8

A
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) , 149 , 150
Adjacent periostium , 60
ADSCs. See Adipose-derived stem cells
(ADSCs)
Adult cartilage tissue , 58
Adult fracture healing , 59 , 60
African spiny mice ( Acomys ) , 64 , 65 , 67
Agarose micro-carrier beads , 84
Aggrecan , 58 , 59 , 66 , 86
Alkaline phosphatase , 59 , 66
AMD3100 , 89 , 90
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) , 44
Amputation , 79–91 , 95 , 96
blastema , 89
digit , 82 , 92
distal , 80
non-regenerative , 86 , 88 , 91 , 97
proximal , 83
secondary , 80
Anabolic phase , 60
Angiogenesis , 92
Anti-angiogenic factor , 92
Appendage regeneration , 64 , 72
Arthroscopy , 69
Articular cartilage , 66 , 94
Articular cartilage repair , 66–72
cell-based therapies for human , 68–72
autologous chondrocyte , 68 , 69
future studies , 71 , 72
stem cell-based , 70
Autologous chondrocyte implantation/
transplantation (ACI/ACT) , 69–71
Autologous chondrocyte-based therapies , 68 , 69

Avascular blastema , 93

Avascular digit blastema , 94

Avascular microenvironment , 94

Avascularity , 92

Axolotls , 5 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 11

B

BDNF. See Brain derived neurotrophic factor

(BDNF)

Blastema , 61 , 63–65 , 73 , 79 , 82 , 84 , 88–91

accumulation , 84

amputation , 89

formation , 80 , 82 , 88

hypoxic event , 95

neonatal , 83

proliferative nature , 91

redifferentiation , 82

re-expression , 85

re-vascularization , 92

wound , 92 , 94–97

Blastemal avascularity , 92

Blastemal intramembranous bone

redifferentiation , 86

BMCs. See Bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs)

Bmp2 , 84–86 , 89–91

Bmp4 , 8 3 , 8 4

BMP9 , 92–94

Bone

degradation , 80

erosion , 86 , 97

marrow cavity , 81

pre-amputation , 82

redifferentiation stage , 82

Index