© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 57
J. Wilson-Rawls, K. Kusumi (eds.), Innovations in Molecular Mechanisms
and Tissue Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-44996-8_4
Chapter 4
Cartilage Healing, Repair, and Regeneration:
Natural History to Current Therapies
Thomas P. Lozito , Yangzi Jiang , and Rocky S. Tuan
Abbreviations
ACI/ACT Autologous chondrocyte implantation/transplantation
BMSC Bone marrow stromal cell
BMP Bone morphogenetic protein
Col Collagen type
CR Cartilage rod
CT Cartilage tube
ECM Extracellular matrix
ESC Embryonic stem cells
FGF Fibroblast growth factor
GAG Glycosaminoglycan
IHH Indian hedgehog
iPSC Induced pluripotent stem cell
OA Osteoarthritis
PG Proteoglycan
lpr Lymphoproliferative
MACI/MACT Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation/
transplantationMMP Matrix metalloproteinase
MSC Mesenchymal stem cell
MRL Murphy Roths Large
SHH Sonic hedgehog
T. P. Lozito • Y. Jiang • R. S. Tuan (*)
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering ,
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , 450 Technology Drive,
Room 221 , Pittsburgh , PA 15219 , USA
e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]