Maui-Nui complex (Hawaii) 30–1, 226
Mauritius 68, 337
anthropogenic losses and threats to ecosystems 313,
314, 315–16, 321
arrival and change 180, 181, 182
meadow vole 173
Mecyclothorax(beetle) 240
Mediterranean islands 16
arrival and change 188, 189
biodiversity ‘hotspots’ 71–2
conservation of ecosystems 339
species numbers 96
mega-disturbance phenomena 244
mega-landslides 42–4
mega-tsunamis 43–4
Melanesia 73, 84, 118, 307
ants 82, 209–11
emergent models of evolution 210, 211
Melitaea cinxia(butterfly) 270
mesopredator release 270
metapopulation 270, 278, 280, 286, 288–9
dynamics 259–63, 264
minimum viable 260
scenarios 261, 262
Metrosideros(tree) 218, 224, 238, 247, 319
mice 317
Michigan, Lake islands 121
Miconia(tree) 318, 319, 320, 321, 322
Micronesia 47, 73, 84, 307
Micropsitta bruijnii(bird) 108
Microtus119, 121–2, 173, 189
mid-ocean ridge islands 16, 19
Midway island (Hawaii) 25, 30
Mimus 220
minimum area effects 121
Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystem project 269, 273
minimum dynamic areas 274–5
minimum viable area 253–9, 288
minimum viable metapopulation 260
minimum viable population 252, 253–9, 260, 264, 288
Miridae 236
mitochondrial DNA 214
moas 72, 295, 306, 309
mobile species 282–3
moderate insular climate hypothesis 185
molecular clocks 198–9, 222, 238
molecular leakage 198
molluscs 65, 292, 293
Molokai (Hawaii) 30, 160
Mona (Antilles) 37, 56, 314
Monanthes66, 228, 229
Monarcha telescophthalmus(flycatcher) 111
mongooses 298, 307, 313, 331
monkeys 313
monocots 241
monophyletic lineage 203, 214, 217–18
Monte Carlo analysis 176
Montserrat (Caribbean) 39, 41, 158, 256, 338
Moorea (French Polynesia) 23, 198, 299, 318
Morocco 191
Motmot island 131
motu(sand islands) 40
multiple-island endemics 231–2, 244, 245
multiple-island occupancy 233
Mustela erminea(weasel) 278
Myadestes(thrush) 222, 301
Myrica(tree) 291, 318–19, 320
Myzomela(honeyeater) 176–7
myzomelid sunbirds 113nanism (dwarf forms) 186–90
natural catastrophes 290
natural disturbance on islands 37–44
magnitude and frequency 39–41
mega-landslides 42–4
volcanic eruptions 41–2
natural laboratory paradigm 3–9
Nauru 324–5, 340
Nazca plate 4
neoendemism 63–5
neoinhabited islands 305
Neonauclea calycina(tree) 133
Nesiota elliptica 317
Nesomimus 220
Nesoprosopis(bee) 299
Nesotes(beetle) 232
nested design 95
nestedness 6, 126–9, 144, 275–6
area-ordered 127
distance-ordered 127
habitat 127
island theory and conservation 272, 277
richness-ordered 127
New Britain 84
New Caledonia 18, 47, 182–3, 219, 315
biodiversity ‘hotspots’ 68, 69, 70
New Georgia 183
New Guinea 6, 19, 34
anthropogenic losses and threats to ecosystems 305
biodiversity ‘hotspots’ 52, 53
community assembly and dynamics 107, 108, 111, 113,
114, 130, 143
conservation of ecosystems 337, 339
emergent models of evolution 209, 210, 247
species numbers 84, 97
New Hebrides seeVanuatu
New Ireland 307
New Providence Island 214394 INDEX