front matter 1

xvi

FIGURE 1

Cerebrum

Cerebellum

Medulla

C1 spinal nerve

C2-C8 dorsal

root ganglia

T1-T12 dorsal

root ganglia

L1-L5 dorsal

root ganglia

Conus medullaris

Cauda equina

Sacral dorsal root

ganglia and spinal

nerves

Cervical region (C)

Thoracic region (T)

Thoracic

spinal nerve

Lumbar spinal nerve

Lumbar region (L)

Sacral region

Figure 1. Dissection exposing the dorsal aspect of

the brain and spinal cord in a neonate, drawn by

Johannes Sobotta and published in the fi rst German

edition (1906) of his Atlas of Human Anatomy (repro-

duced from the 8th English edition, 1963). The

entire dorsal aspect of the spinal cord is seen con-

nected to the dorsal roots of the spinal nerves. All

spinal nerves have dorsal root ganglia except C1.

Top thick line separates the spinal cord from the

medulla; lower thick lines successively segregate

the cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral regions.

The conus medullaris is located just below the coc-

cygeal terminus of the spinal cord, and the cauda

equina contains the elongated roots of the spinal

nerves that exit from the bony spine far below their

point of attachment to the spinal cord.

The illustrations that follow throughout this Atlas

trace the development of the spinal cord from just

after closure of the embryonic neural tube to the 4th

postnatal month.

Dorsal View of the Brain and Spinal Cord in a Newborn Infant