Resistant Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease

359

Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), 112
Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and
Chronic Diseases Expert Group
(NutriCode), 173
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 16, 48, 151,
161, 184, 185, 263, 308
Glomerulonephritis (GN), 14, 17
Glomerulosclerosis, 16, 35
Glucocorticoids, 135
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG), 170
G protein-coupled receptor function, 105
Gut microbiota, 96
Guyton’s theory
acute/chronic hyperglycemia, 172
β2-adrenergic stimulation, 170
BP regulation, 169
EGL, 172
endothelial surface layer, 171
high sodium intake, 170
MPS cell depletion/VEGF-C trapping, 170
nonosmotic sodium, 170
pressure-natriuresis mechanism, 169
renal tubules, 169–170
WNK4 transcription, 170
Gαi2-protein-gated pathways, 95

H
Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation
(HOPE) trial, 290
Heart rate variability (HRV), 92
Hematopoietic bone marrow, 102
Hemodialysis (HD), 266
High salt intake, 169, 171, 174
Higher oxidative stress levels, 110
High-frequency (HF) component, 92
Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM),
344, 345
ABPM, 39, 41, 346
nonadherence, 346
Home sleep apnea testing, 205
24-h Urine sodium excretion (24-h UNa), 264
Hydralazine, 287
Hydralazine and minoxidil, 296, 299
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), 221, 287
Hyperaldosteronism, 34
Hyperinsulinemia, 156
Hyperkalemia, 289, 294
Hyperphosphatemia, 134
Hypertension
CKD
aldosterone, 131
drugs, 135
endothelins, 133

glomerulonephritis, 130

hemodialysis, 127

kidney, 128

mechanisms, 128

mineral and bone disorders, 134

mineral and bone disorders, 134

nephrons, 130

nitric oxide, 133

plasma renin activity, 131

renalase, 133

SNS activity, 132

sodium excretion, 129

sodium retention, 129

traditional paradigm, 129

uric acid, 134

volume overload, 129–130

excess salt intake, 172

high sodium intake, 174

INTERSALT Study, 172

RAAS-blockade, 174

renal fibrotic injury, 174

salt sensitivity, 172

sodium and potassium excretion, 173

urinary albumin excretion, 174

vascular stiffness/inflammation, 174

(see also Volume overload)

Hypertensive nephropathy, 189

Hypertensive nephrosclerosis, 79

Hypertensive vasculopathy, 28

I

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy

(IgAN), 264

Impedance measurements, 175

Improving Adherence Using Combination

Therapy (IMPACT) trail, 250

Inhibitory renorenal reflex, 94

Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), 115

Intima-media thickness (IMT), 145

Investigation on Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy

(INNOVATION) study, 290

Isolated ambulatory hypertension, 64

Isolated-office resistant hypertension, 190

J

J-curve, 268

K

Kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) pathways,

102, 104

Kidney disease, stages of, 15

Index