364
Sympathetic activation, RH (cont.)
renin-angiotensin system, 155, 156
resistant hypertensive patients, 155
sympathetic nervous system, 154
sympathoexcitation, 154
tonic chemoreceptor activation, 155
Sympathetic efferent fibers, 308
Sympathetic nervous system (SNS), 17, 91,
131, 132, 224, 307
Sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone, 162
Sympathomimetics, 46
Symplicity device (Medtronic), 159
SYMPLICITY-HTN-3 study, 7
Systolic blood pressure (SBP), 186, 312
Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial
(SPRINT) study, 44, 191, 192
Systolic BP levels, 50
T
Tacrolimus, 135
Teaching and disseminating guidelines, 338
Teaching programmes
chronic volume overload, 336
patients, RH, 334
preliminary biochemical tests, 334
resistant hypertension, 333
Telephone-based management system, 247
Therapeutic inertia, 46
Thiazide diuretics, 291, 337
Thoracic bioimpedance, 220
Three-City Study, 69, 71
Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein
(TonEBP), 170
Total arterial compliance, 141
Traditional Framingham-derived risk factors, 30
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), 263
Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH), 77
Triple regimen ACD, 288
Triple therapy, 285
True resistant hypertension (TRH), 77, 78
Tubulointerstitial disease, 263
Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure
monitoring, 6
type 2 diabetes mellitus, 97
U
Ultrasound energy, 313
Uncontrolled BP, 59
Uncontrolled resistant hypertension (uRH), 66
United States Renal Database Systems
(USRDS), 298
Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult
Men, 64
Uric acid, 134
Urinary sodium excretion, 265
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA),
32–33
US Barostim Hypertension Pivotal
Trial, 158
US Department of Health and Human
Services, 267
US National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey, 80
US Renal Data System, 79–80
Use of a Multidrug Pill in Reducing
Cardiovascular Events (UMPIRE)
study, 250
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, 212V
Vagal modulation, 92
Vascular amplifier effect, 162
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),
202
Vascular endothelial growth factor C
(VEGF-C), 170
Vascular smooth muscle, 97
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), 16
Vascular stiffening, 141
Vasculitis, 17
Vasoconstrictive, 18
Vasodilatory, 18
vasorelaxant factors, 132
Veterans Affairs Nephropathy in Diabetes (VA
NEPHRON-D) trial, 293
Volume overload
arterial stiffness, 176
bioimpedance-guided fluid
management, 176
B-lines, 177
BP management, 176
CKD patients, 175
diuretics, 175
echocardiography, 175
ECV expansion, 176
hemodialysis, 176
hemodynamic measurements, 175
hypertension, 177
hypertonic dialysis solution, 177Index