Initial visual and audio inspection of the results indicated that there were two main
differences between Budongo and Kibale pant-hoots: the build-up phase was more
clearly defined at Budongo than at Kibale, and Kibale calls were higher pitched than
those at Budongo. The numerical differences between the two populations are shown in
Table 6.6 and results of statistical comparisons are shown in Table 6.7.
138 Social behaviour and relationships
Table 6.7: Results of analysis of variance between the adult male
pant-hoots of the two populations, and of five Budongo individuals
and three from Kibale (from Notman 1996).
Parameters measured Population Individual
(F value)
2-way ANOVA Budongo (F) Kibale (F)
1-way ANOVA 1-way ANOVA
Build-up
Rate of delivery 6.587* 4.5872** 13.032**
Duration 0.618 1.2148 3.0140
Fundamental frequency 26.475** 2.1946 6.7399**
Climax
Duration 0.975 0.5481 2.2295
Min. frequency 15.658** 4.3683** 0.2013
Max. frequency 11.054** 5.4260** 1.2739
Frequency range 0.523 2.0130 1.0578
Average fund. frequency 2.431 1.4203 0.6934*p0.05; **p0.01Table 6.6: A comparison of the sums of mean values of the acoustic
features of adult male pant-hoots from Budongo and Kibale
(standard deviations in parentheses); from Notman (1996).
Parameters measured Population
Budongo Kibale
Build-up
Rate of delivery (p/s) 1.5852 1.2315
(0.5685) (0.4579)
Duration (sec) 0.5535 0.5987
(0.2566) (0.1804)
Fundamental frequency (Hz) 566.9 910.1
(251.6) (249.2)
Climax
Duration (sec) 0.7458 0.7474
(0.2245) (0.1553)
Minimum frequency (Hz) 621.9 777.0
(178.2) (118.2)
Maximum frequency (Hz) 1117.9 1297.4
(295.3) (84.6)
Frequency range (Hz) 495.9 521.3
(170.6) (92.9)
Ave. fund. frequency (Hz) 958.3 1065.8
(208.6) (157.0)