Chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest : Ecology, Behaviour, and Conservation

Maps

• Introductionby Jane Goodall List of Maps xv


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  1. The Budongo Forest
  
  
  
  
  
  
  • History of the forest
  
  
  • The forest in more detail
  
  
  • Climate
  
  
  • Disease and the human population
  
  
  • Dynamics of Budongo Forest
  
  
  • Timber
  
  
  • The forest today
  
  
  
  


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  2. The Sonso community
  
  
  
  
  
  
  • Counting chimpanzees in a community
  
  
  • Habituation
  
  
  • Data
  
  
  • Range and density of the Sonso community
  
  
  • Community size
  
  
  • Births
  
  
  • The birth of Katia
  
  
  • Age and age groups
  
  
  • Infertility
  
  
  • Demographic structure
  
  
  • Males who go missing temporarily
  
  
  
  


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  3. Morbidity and mortality
  
  
  
  
  
  
  • Intestinal parasites
  
  
  • Medicinal plant use
  
  
  • Soil-eating
  
  
  • SIVcpz status of the Sonso chimpanzees
  
  
  • Death rate
  
  
  • Death of a young adult male
  
  
  • Death of an adult female
  
  
  • Death of an old male
  
  
  • Human–ape disease transmission
  
  
  • Non-fatal epidemic
  
  
  • Injuries
  
  
  
  


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  4. Diet and culture at Sonso
  
  
  
  
  
  
  • Forest types and chimpanzee foods
  
  
  • Food types and food species
  
  
  • Insects and honey
  
  
  • Food preferences
  
  
  • Factors underlying food preferences: sugars and tannins
  
  
  • Food availability
  
  
  • Seed dispersal by chimpanzees
  
  
  • Fruit-sharing
  
  
  • Termite-eating and sharing
  
  
  • Meat-eating
  
  
  • Co-ordinated hunting
  
  
  • Crop-raiding
  
  
  • Sonso culture
  
  
  
  


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  5. Social organization
  
  
  
  
  
  
  • Parties, food and social factors
  
  
  • Party size
  
  
  • Party duration
  
  
  • Party composition
  
  
  • Effects of oestrous females on party size and party type
  
  
  • Time of day and party size
  
  
  • Seasonality
  
  
  • Influence of food supply on party size
  
  
  • Nesting and nesting parties
  
  
  • Consortships
  
  
  • Kinship
  
  
  • Ranges and ranging behaviour
  
  
  • Inter-community movements of adult females
  
  
  • Inter-community fighting
  
  
  
  


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  6. Social behaviour and relationships
  
  
  
  
  
  
  • Communication
  
  
  • Grooming and other affiliative behaviours
  
  
  • Play
  
  
  • Sex and reproduction
  
  
  • Copulation and time of day
  
  
  • Seasonality of oestrous cycles
  
  
  • Status
    
    
    • Status change
    
    
    • Tactical association and alliance partners
    
    
    • How to defeat an aggressive challenger
    
    
    • Reconciliation
    
    
    • Status among females
    
    
    • Vocalizations
    
    
    • Pant-hoots
    
    
    • Barks
    
    
    • Screams
    
    
    
    
  
  
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    7. Infanticide
    
    
    
    
    
    
    • First observation of infanticide
    
    
    • Infanticide by Sonso males
    
    
    • Infanticide within the community
    
    
    • The role of females in cases of infanticide
    
    
    
    
  
  
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    8. Intra-community killing — the case of Zesta
    
    
    
    
    
    
    • Inter-community killing between adults
    
    
    • Zesta
    
    
    • Background to Zesta
    
    
    • The killing of Zesta
    
    
    • Zesta’s injuries
    
    
    • Interpretation
    
    
    
    
  
  
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    9. The problem of snares
    
    
    
    
    
    
    • The background to snaring
    
    
    • Snare types
    
    
    • Traps
    
    
    • Injuries from snares and traps
    
    
    • Deaths
    
    
    • Deaths from snares
    
    
    • Deaths from traps
    
    
    • Death from spearing
    
    
    • Effects of snare injuries on feeding and social life
    
    
    • Snare removal project
    
    
    • Live-trap project
    
    
    • Release of chimpanzees from live-traps
    
    
    • Snare injuries at other sites
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  


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  10. The human foreground
      
      
      • Micro-demography of the local population
      
      
      • Local uses of forest products
      
      
      • Local attitudes to the forest
      
      
      • Health
      
      
      • Medical personnel
      
      
      
      
  
  
  
  


• Cash


• Fear of the forest


• Why stay?


• Beyond cash


• Crop-raiding


• Why grow ‘at-risk’ crops?


• Baboons


• Chimpanzees and humans


• of trust 11. The Kasokwa Forest chimpanzees: a breakdown


• Tool-use by Kasokwa chimpanzees


• Chimpanzee–human conflict


• Further cases of trapping


• More attacks by chimpanzees


• Can a solution be found?


• The role of research


• chimpanzees of Uganda as a whole 12. The future of Budongo’s chimpanzees and of the


• The modern setting


• Management Plan for Budongo Forest Reserve


• PHVA


• Conservation education


• Census of chimpanzees in Uganda


• Hunting and pitsawing


• Solutions


• Buffer zones


• Tree corridors


• Who is responsible for chimpanzee protection?


• Action Plan


• Appendices


• A The Sonso chimpanzee community


• B Sonso chimpanzees: plant food species


• C Genetics of the Sonso community
  
  
  • respiratory disease D Report of (a) necropsy on Ruda and (b) outbreak of
  
  
  
  


• E Other primate species of the Budongo Forest


• F The Budongo Forest Project


• References


• Index


• Location of Budongo Forest showing Sonso area


• Snares removed from Sonso area, 2000–04


• Villages to south of Budongo Forest


• Location of Kasokwa Forest


• Southeast of Budongo Forest showing forest destruction