0851996884.pdf

What is the Relationship Between

Specifications and Standards?

There has been some confusion about the
differences between specifications and stan-
dards as they apply to insect rearing. They
are closely related terms and both can be

measures of quality. However, specification

is defined as: ‘The document that prescribes

the requirements with which the product or

service has to conform’ (ANSI/ASQC,

1987). Standard equals grade, ‘An indicator

of category or rank related to features or

characteristics that cover different sets of

Total Quality Control for Biocontrol Agents 21

Fig. 2.2.Total quality-control system emphasizing the control functions (boxes) within generic subdivisions of
the production system for natural enemies. The feedback loop provides a means of optimizing the production
and use of the natural enemies.

Fig. 2.1.Production system for natural enemies composed of generic subdivisions and associated functions.

Management

Methods Development Production Utilization Quality Control

Material Research Personnel

Policy

Planning

Administration

Design Control

Facilities

Equipment

Operations

Production Control

Treatment

Handling

Distribution

Utilization Control

Process Control

Product Control

Information

Evaluation

Strain Development

Process Capability

Pilot Testing

Methods Control

Purchasing

Specifications

Standards

Responsibility

Verification

Storage

Material Control

Colonization

Production

Utilization

Quality Control

Selection

Training

Motivation

Health and Safety

Design

Control

Production

Control

Process

Control

Product

Control

Utilization

Control

Production Quality Control Utilization

Treatment

Distribution

Information

Evaluation

Research/Methods

Development

Material/Personnel

Management