149
Table 2
Insect pests of dryland crops, host crops and their mode of damage
Common name
Scientific name
Order: Family
Host crop
Mode of damage
Sources
Termites
Microtermes mycophagous
D.
Isoptera: Termitidae
Wheat, sorghum
Many species are crops with damage caused to stems and roots of seedlings and mature plants which can result in significant yield losses.
Perry and Perry (
1989
)
Sugarcane beetle
Holotrichia consanguinea
B.
Coeloptera: Melolonthinae
Pearl millet
Damage soon after sowing and sometimes near maturity. Damaged plants dry up completely and are easily pulled out. Plants damaged at later stages give rise to white ears.
Locusts
Chortoicetes terminifera
W.
Orthoptera: Acrididae
Pearl millet, sorghum, barley, oats, etc.
Damage most green plants. Eat a wide range of food and each one eats its weight in food daily.
Maxmen (
2013
)
Grasshoppers
Chrotogonus trachypterus
B.
Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae
Pasture, grains, forage, vegetables
General feeders on grasses and weeds and often move to cultivated crops. Crop damage is likely to be greatest in years when dry weather accompanies high populations.
Perry and Perry (
1989
)
Aphids
Rhopalosiphum maidis
F.
R. padi
L.
Hemiptera: Aphididae
Wheat, maize, barley, forage legumes, sunflower, oilseeds, fruit trees, etc.
Sucking insect pest. Most destructive pest on cultivated plants causing yellowing, mottled leaves, stunted growth, curled leaves, browning, low yields and even death in plants.
Asin and Pons (
2001
),
Irshad (
2001
) and
Taheri et
al. (
2010
)
(continued)
Insect-Pests in Dryland Agriculture and their Integrated Management