676 Produce Degradation: Reaction Pathways and their Prevention
Wardlaw and Kessel studies, 227
Wardowski, Grierson and, studies, 276, 286
Ward studies, 33
Warner and Knutsen studies, 513
Warren studies, 511
Washing, 317–318
Watada, Abe and, studies, 307
Watada and Qi studies, 236
Watada studies
maturity, ripening, and quality relationships,
63, 69
nutrient loss, 236–237, 239, 249, 251
packaging, 138
water, 277, 281–282, 284
Water, see also Humidity; Moisture
air movement and pressure, 276–277, 285
appearance impact, 286
basics, 268–269, 287
bulk/mass flow, 271–272
color impact, 286
composition, 269–271
cooling, 280–281
degradation microstructure, 555
diffusion, 271–272
humidity, 276, 281–282
injury effect, 277–278
light, 276–277
loss prevention, 278–285
migration, 272–274
modified atmosphere packaging, 283
movement factors, 271–272
nutrient loss, 226
nutritive value impact, 287
osmotic movement, 271–272
packaging, 282–283
polar nature, 269
pressure, 276–277
processing treatments, 284
properties, 269–271
quality impact, 285–287
structure, 269–271
temperature, 274–275, 279–281
texture impact, 286–287
vacuum cooling, 618
waxing, 283–284
Watermelons
additives, treatments, and preservation, 302
chilling, 624
complex carbohydrates, 586
infection outbreaks, 404
mechanical injury, 86
microbial spoilage, 477
phytonutrients, 231
spoilage microbiology, 383, 406
Water transmission rate, 145
Watkins, Larsen and, studies, 134
Watkins studies, 67
Watson, Lamikarna and, studies, 299
Wa x
cuticles, 24
degradation microstructure, 555
nutrient loss, 248
water loss prevention, 283–284
Weichmann, Fritz and, studies, 61, 69
Weichmann studies, 68
Wells, Liao and, studies, 486
Wells and Butterfield studies, 446, 493
Wesche-Ebling studies, 300
Wheat, 529
Whitaker, Martinez and, studies, 311, 314
Whitaker studies, 298, 642
White, Tipton and, studies, 34
White and Elson-Harris studies, 466
Whitehead studies, 522
Whitfield, Jensen and, studies, 518
Whitfield, Murray and, studies, 167
Whitfield and Last studies, 167
WHO, see World Health Organization (WHO)
Whole genomic sequencing, 3–5
Wiley, Varoquaux and, studies, 308
Williams, Leadly and, studies, 326
Williams studies, 255, 316
Wills, Ku and, studies, 67
Wills and Kim studies, 63
Wills studies
maturity, ripening, and quality relationships, 63
nutrient loss, 227
water, 274, 276–278, 281
Wilson studies, 445
Winniczuk and Parish studies, 320
Winsor and Adams studies, 243–244
Winter squash, 480, 632
Wismer studies, 612
Witham, Devlin and, studies, 271–272
Wojcik studies, 42
World Health Organization (WHO), 258
Wounding, 308–310, see also Mechanical injury
Wraps, 172
Wrolstad, Garzon and, studies, 206
Wrolstad and Sallenberger studies, 227
Wszelaki and Mitcham studies, 131, 135
Wu and Robinson studies, 195Y
Yahiaoui-Zaidi studies, 9–10
Yahia studies, 61, 171
Yamada studies, 43
Yamaguchi studies, 37
Yamaki and Uritani studies, 628