Higher Systematics of the Pentatomoidea 109
and produced anteriorly, characteristics that define the Rhynchocorini (see Section 2.2.10.7.38). Until
this genus can be studied in more detail, we tentatively treat this genus as a member of the Pentatomini.
This genus contains a single species from northern India.
Liicoris Zheng and Liu, 1987
This genus contains a single species, L. tibetanus Zheng and Liu, from Tibet. It was originally compared
with members of the Australian Dictyotus group (Zheng and Liu 1987), but based on the re-examination
of the holotype, it is obviously unrelated to members of that group. Its general habitus is quite similar
to that of members of Homalogonia (currently Cappaeini, see Section 2.2.10.7.11). The thoracic venter
is similar to the condition found generally in Carpocorini and Pentatomini; the abdominal venter is
unarmed; and the rugae associated with the metathoracic scent gland ostioles are strongly reduced.
Based mainly on the metapleural rugae, the general habitus, and the male genitalia, the genus probably
belongs to the Pentatomini (see Section 2.2.10.7.34).
Manoriana Ahmad and Kamaluddin, 1978
This genus is monotypic; its single species M. pakistanensis Ahmad and Kamaluddin was described from
Pakistan (Ahmad and Kamaluddin 1978a). This taxon was originally placed in the Carpocorini, and Afzal
and Hasan (1988) considered Manoriana to be a junior synonym of Mormidella, also a member of the
Carpocorini. Based on characters in the original description, and the illustrations, we believe this genus
actually belongs in the Antestiini (see Section 2.2.10.7.8) and even may be synonymous with Antestia.
Mathiolus Distant, 1889
This New World genus originally was placed by Distant (1889) in the Discocephalinae. Rolston (1988b)
provided evidence supporting the transferal of this genus to his broadly conceived Pentatomini; he
described it as having the abdominal venter unarmed (section one of Rolston and McDonald 1984)
and the ostiolar rugae short; thus, our tentative treatment of this genus in the Carpocorini (see Section
2.2.10.7.12).
Muscanda Walker, 1868 and Xiengia Distant, 1921
Both of these Old World genera, and their only included species, M. testacea Walker and X. elongata
Distant, respectively, originally were placed in the Tessaratomidae. Walker (1868) compared his new
genus with Piezosternum Amyot and Serville (Tessaratomidae), and Distant (1921b) placed his new
genus near Origanaus Distant (Tessaratomidae). All subsequent workers continued to treat both genera
as members of the Tessaratomidae until Kumar and Ghauri (1970) transferred them to the Pentatomidae.
They did not place them in any known subfamily or tribe but, rather, commented that the two gen-
era might be related and might deserve a new tribe of their own. We have examined habitus photo-
graphs of both Muscanda testacea and Xiengia elongata, and both genera appear to be members of the
Phyllocephalinae (Cressonini), and they may be related to the genus Uddmania Bergroth (see Arnold
2011b for recent work on Uddmania).
Myota Spinola, 1850
Spinola (1850) first included this Neotropical genus (Figure 2.23C) in a key to genera where it keyed
near several genera in the Edessinae and Tessaratomidae. Dallas (1851) described this genus (under
the name Aegius) between the genera Tropicoris Hahn (= Pentatoma) and Cataulax, a member of the
Discocephalinae. Lethierry and Severin (1893) catalogued it between Abeona (= Amblycara), a member
of the Pentatomini, and Placocoris, another difficult to place genus (see below). Kirkaldy (1909) also
catalogued it between these same two genera and among a number of other genera tentatively placed in
the Pentatomini. We tentatively treat this genus as a member of the Pentatomini.
Neojurtina Distant, 1921
Distant (1921a) originally placed this Oriental genus (Figure 2.23D) in his broadly conceived Nezaria
(= Nezarini), but he also indicated a possible relationship with the genus Jurtina, currently considered to
be a junior synonym of Bathycoelia, the type genus of the Bathycoeliini. We tentatively treat this genus
as a member of the Pentatomini.