Rodent Societies: An Ecological & Evolutionary Perspective

Trombulak (1991)

Spermophilus

No

No

No

No (tested for)

No

Prenatal to

Manipulative

1(no)

beldingi

postnatal

Meikle and Thornton

Mus musculus

Yes

Yes

Yes

Not tested

No

Preconception to

Manipulative

1(yes), 2(yes)

(1995)

postnatal

Moses at el. (1995)

Neotoma cinerea

Ambiguous

No

Yes (but with ma-

Not tested

No

Preconception to

Manipulative

1(no)

ternal mass, not

postnatal

treatment)

Sikes (1995)

Neotoma floridana

No

Yes

No

No

No

Postnatal

Manipulative

1(yes)

Sikes (1996b)

Onychomys leuco-

No

Yes

No

No

No

Postnatal

Manipulative

1(yes)

gaster

Sikes (1996a)

Neotoma floridana

No

No

No

Not tested

Not possible

Postnatal

Manipulative

1(yes), 2(no)

Onychomys

(study on

leucogaster

postweaning growth)

Krackow (1997)

Mus musculus

No

Yes

No

Not tested

No

Preconception to

Descriptive

1(yes), 2(yes)

postnatal

Duquette and Millar

Peromyscus mexi-

No

Yes

No

No

No

Preconception to

Manipulative

1(yes)

(1998)

canus

postnatal

Moses et al. (1998)

Neotoma cinerea

No

Yes

Yes

Yes (weight, but

No

Postnatal

Manipulative

1(yes)

tested other parameters and found no bias)

Millesi et al. (1999)

Spermophilus

Yes

Yes (varied

Yes (varied with

No (no bias re-

No

Preconception to

Descriptive

—

citellus

with date)

date)

ported during

postnatal

lactation)

Lamb and Aarde (2001)

Mastomys coucha

No

No

Yes

No (tested for)

No

Preconception /

Manipulative

—

prenatal

aBased on direction of sex-ratio bias or other evidence of differential investment.bWas evidence presented to support that differential investment was optional and under maternal control?cWhich of the underlying assumptions of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis tested and were they validated?dClark et al. (1990) reported no differences in litter size but a decline in the probability that a female would breed on postpartum estrus after rearing an all-male litter as compared to those females rearing an all-female litter.