maternal: aggression, 233 –38, 242, 274 –75;
behavior, 52 –56, 188, 231–242; condition,
130 –34; hyperthermia, 235; influence on
development, 198 –204, 209, 215, 231–36;
presence, 234 –35, 237
mating: bout, of tree squirrels, 87– 93; burrow,
445; chase, 87– 93, 387; disassortative, 59 –
62; multi-male, by females, 27–31, 33, 36 –
37, 40, 48 –52, 70 –71, 88, 127, 276, 278,
438 –39, 444 –50; multiple, by males, 43 –
46; order, 37–38; strategy, 4, 27, 32, 34 –35,
38 – 41, 48 –52, 86 – 95; system, 20, 27– 41,
72 –73, 163 –71
matriline, 349 –350, 361– 62, 364 – 65
matrix, 457– 61
maturity index, 360 – 61
meiotic drive, 64 – 67
melatonin, 197
memory, 148 – 49, 187– 88, 190, 220 –23, 263
meta analysis, 134 –36
metapopulation, 426, 457
microclimate stability, 420 –21, 468
middle ear, 292, 295
militant phenotype, 292, 297–302
mineralocorticoid receptors, 140
minimum threshold density, 459
misdirected parental care hypothesis, 272 –73,
278
mitochondrial DNA, 15, 428 –30
mixed evolutionary stable strategy, 86
mobbing, 317
model, of sociality, 251–53
model systems, 3 –7
molecular clock, 11–12, 428
molecular evolution, rates of, 11–12, 428
molecular phylogeny, 12 –22, 74 –75, 427–31
mollusks, diving for, 208, 212
monogamy, 28 –33, 40, 45 – 46, 49, 70 –71,
76 – 85, 185 – 93, 280 – 90, 377, 396 – 97,
399 – 401; facultative, 29 –33, 70 – 84, 396 –
97, 399 – 401; obligate, 28 –32, 71, 280 – 90
monomorphism, 115 –28
monophyly, of rodents, 14 –15
moon phase, and activity, 331
morphology, 15 –16
Morrillo gland, 394, 397– 98
mortality-driven system (N-driven), 334 –35,
339 – 41
motor development, 154
mouse genome, 381
mutualism, 352
myths, 477
natal dispersal, 76 –79, 150 – 62; timing of,
154 –55
natal emergence, 200 –201
nature-nurture, 199
neighbor recognition, 375 –76
neophilia, 384 – 87, 391– 92
neophobia, 384 – 87, 391– 92
nephropathia epidemica, 484
nepotism, 53 –55, 158, 216 –18, 220, 222 –24,
307, 315, 321–23, 349 –54, 441– 44; limits
of nepotism, 322 –23, 441– 42
nest: attendance, 237; building, 232 –33, 235
nesting: communal, 55, 89, 179, 225 –27, 248 –
50, 272, 275, 390, 408 –10; cooperative,
179; group, 55, 89, 179, 226 –27, 272, 275,
390, 408 – 9
neural pathway, 111, 113, 187– 94
neural regulation, of behavior, 185 – 94
neurogenesis, 148 – 49
neuromuscular development, 186
neurotransmitters, 185 – 94, 266, 308 – 9
nocturnal activity, 330 –31, 337, 340
norepinephrine, 140, 191, 266
nucleus accumbens, 187, 191– 93
nursing, 232, 235; communal, 226 –27, 390,
399, 408
nutrient availability, 347, 470 –71
nutrition, and infanticide, 270, 277–78, 447– 49
nutritional stress, 134
obesity, 443
odors: familiar, 260 – 61; perception of, 266;
social, 386 – 88
odor trail, 212
offspring quality, 444
olfactory communication, 210, 214, 255 – 66,
284 – 86, 376 –77, 386 – 87, 395, 397– 98
olfactory cues: in mating, 43 – 46, 219, 222,
225 –26, 228, 255 – 66; of prey, 333 –34
omnivore’s paradox, 384
one-half rule, 235
open landscapes, and visibility, 310 –11, 328 –
41, 370 –72, 445 – 46
optimal area hypothesis, 295 – 96
oral gland, 222 –23, 256, 259
organizational effects, 153
outbreeding, 47, 62 – 64, 151–52, 179, 246,
435, 437
over marking, 258, 260 – 61, 263 – 65, 386
ovulation, 52, 435 –36
oxytocin, 187, 190 – 91, 193
pacifist phenotype, 292, 297, 300 –302
pair bond, 28, 71, 186 – 93, 280 – 90, 396
paired-encounter design, 219
paired social group, 422 –24
pair-wise comparison, 75 –78
Panamanian land bridge, 9, 12
pandemonium, 317
parasites, 46, 48, 364, 390 – 91, 470, 473 –74,
476 –79, 484 – 85; parasite manipulation,
390 – 91
parental behavior: direct, 198 – 99, 231–32,
240, 242; indirect, 198 – 99, 231–33, 242
parenting, 237–38; parental care, 28, 52 –56,
69 –71, 76 –79, 82 – 83, 231– 42, 388 – 89,
424 –25; parental influence on development,
198 –204, 209, 215, 231–36; parental in-
vestment, 129 –38, 198, 235 –36, 350; sea-
sonal variation in, 238 –39
parent-offspring recognition, 216, 218, 220 –
21, 226 –28
partial life cycle model, 100, 103
parturition, 233, 237, 408 –10
patchy habitats, 348 – 49, 354, 362, 368 –71,
416 –26, 460
paternal behavior, 43, 46, 69, 188 – 89, 236 –
42, 280 – 90; direct, 231–32, 240, 242
paternity, 37– 40, 47–51, 70 –72; confusion,
276; multiple, 36 –37, 49 –51, 88, 166, 169 –
70, 382, 443 – 45
pathogens, 60, 364, 390 – 91, 470, 473 –74,
476 – 86; pathogen-mediated selection, 60;
vector-borne, 479 – 80 364, 390 – 91, 470,
473 –74, 476 – 80, 484 – 85pathogen transmission, 478 – 86; to humans,
484–86
pedigrees, 164, 166, 170
perception component, of kin recognition, 217–
27
perinatal effects, on development, 197– 98
petrophilia, 421, 424 –26
pets, prairie dogs as, 473
phenotype matching, 61, 219 –28
philopatry, 43, 53 –55, 71–72, 87, 150 – 62,
166, 169 –71, 179 – 80, 245 – 48, 347–51,
354, 373, 378, 383, 409 –11, 414, 425,
432 –33; benefits of, 54, 158 – 60, 247– 48,
333, 362 – 63, 373, 410 –11; facultative,
158; natal, 43, 53 –55, 71–72, 87, 150 – 62,
166, 169 –71, 179 – 80, 245 – 48, 347–51,
354, 373, 378, 383, 409 –11, 414, 425,
432 –33
photoperiod, 197– 98
phylogenetic analysis, 11–23, 68 – 85, 100 –
105, 241, 404, 424
phylogeny: of Hystricognathi, 17–21; of mice
and wood rats, 75 – 84; of parental behavior,
241; of rodents, 16; of social mole-rats, 429;
of squirrels, 14, 22
phylogeography, 12 –14, 428 –31
physiological constraint, 369
pinecone stripping, 208 – 9
pituitary, 188
plague, 364, 390 – 91, 470, 473 –74, 476 –77,
484–85
plasticity of behavior, 195 –206, 352, 381– 83,
388 – 91
play, 154, 186, 188, 232
plural breeding groups, 245 – 46
poison avoidance learning, 209 –12, 384
poisoning, of prairie dogs, 473, 476
polygamy, environmental potential for, 33 –36,
68
polygynandry, 382
polygyny, 29 –37, 116, 165, 168 –171, 386 – 88;
defense, 29 –35, 422 –24; non-defense, 29 –
36, 89 – 92; scramble competition, 34, 40,
89 – 90, 126 –27, 422
polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 479
polyphasic activity, 330, 333, 340
population: cycles, 329, 336, 456, 459, 478;
declines, 464 – 66, 472; density, 108 –11,
178 –180, 296 – 97, 382 – 83, 481, 484 – 86;
dynamics, 173 – 81, 382, 484 – 86; genetics,
155 –56, 163 –72, 466; irruption, 484, 382 –
83, 391, 456 –57; regulation, 173 – 81; struc-
ture, 155 –56, 163 –172
postcopulatory strategies, 37– 40, 49 –52
postnatal effects, on development, 198 – 99
postpartum estrus, 236
precautionary principle, 476
precocial young, 100 –102, 104 –5, 273, 232 –
34, 242, 408 –10, 412 –13
precopulatory strategies, 38, 87– 92
predation, 252, 305 – 41, 346, 353, 371–72,
397, 400, 402, 419, 425, 441– 44; on juve-
niles, 333
predation risk: allocation of, 332 –33; and
breeding, 336 –37; and fear, 328 – 41; of
scent marks, 265, 333 –34; and seasonality,
338 –39; and sociality, 252, 337–38
predator: assessment, 309, 311; avoidance,
328 – 41, 372, 419; behavior against, 199 –602 Subect Index