`
_
`
a
b
_
CO
T
NA
SC
R
U
X
C
E
N
T
A
U
R
U
S N O R M A
L
U
P
U
S
L
I
B
R
A
S
E R P E N S
C
A
P
U
T
S
E
R
P
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N S C A U D A
O
P
H
I
U C H U S L
Y
R
A
H
E
R
C
U
L
E
S
V
U
L
P
E
C
U
L
A
C
Y
GN
US
S
A
G
I
TT
A
A
Q
U
I
LA
C
A
P
R
I
C
O
R
N
U
S
DELPHINUS
E
Q
U
U
L
E
U
S
L
A
C
E
R
P
I
S
C
I
S
A
U
S
T
R
I
N
U
S
M
I
C
R
O
S
C
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P
I
U
M
G
R
U
S S C O R P I
U
S
S
C
U
T
U
M
C
A
IR
N
AA
R
A
T
E
L
E
S
C
O
P
I
U
M
S
A
G
I
T
T
A
R
I
U
S
P
A
V
OT
R
I
AN
G
U
L
U
M
A
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S
T
R
A
L
E
C
I
R
C
I
N
U
S
C
H
A
M
A
E
EL
O
NH
Y
D
R
U
S
T
U
C
A
N
A
I
N
D
U
S
V
O
L
A
N
S
M
E
N
S
A C O R O N A
A
U
S
T
R
A
L
I
S
M
C
S
M
C
V
e
g
a
A
lt
a
i
rDe
nebE
n
i
f
M
1
5
A
n
t
a
r
e
s
M
5
M
1
1
M
1
7
M
1
6
M
2
2
M
8
M
2
0
M
7
M
6
M
4
PCS
N
G
C
6
2
3
1
N
G
C
6
3
9
7
N
G
C
5
1
2
8
N
G
C
5
1
3
9
N
G
C
4
7
5
5
N
G
C
2
0
7
0
N
G
C
1
0
4
W
N
S
N
W
S
W
S
a
t
u
r
n
HOW TO USE THIS MAP
This map portrays the sky as seen
near 30° south latitude. Located
inside the border are the cardinal
directions and their intermediate
points. To find stars, hold the map
overhead and orient it so one of
the labels matches the direction
you’re facing. The stars above
the map’s horizon now match
what’s in the sky.
The all-sky map shows
how the sky looks at:
10 P.M. September 1
9 P.M. September 15
8 P.M. September 30
Planets are shown
at midmonth
MAP SYMBOLS
Open cluster
Globular cluster
Diffuse nebula
Planetary nebula
Galaxy
STAR
MAGNITUDES
Sirius
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
STAR COLORS
A star’s color depends
on its surface temperature.
The hottest stars shine blue
Slightly cooler stars appear white
Intermediate stars (like the Sun) glow yellow
Lower-temperature stars appear orange
The coolest stars glow red
Fainter stars can’t excite our eyes’ color
receptors, so they appear white unless you
use optical aid to gather more light
STAR DOME
BEGINNERS: WATCH A VIDEO ABOUT HOW TO READ A STAR CHART AT