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3

Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister)

1

C. Scott Bundy, Thomas M. Perring, Darcy A. Reed, John C. Palumbo,
Tessa R. Grasswitz, and Walker A. Jones

Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister, 1835)^2

1775 Cimex pictus Fabricius, Syst. Ent., 715–716. (Primary junior homonym of Cimex pictus Drury, 1770, Coreidae).
1835 Cimex hilaris Burmeister, Handb. Ent. 2: 368. (not described, but refers to pl. 34 fig. 237 in Klug, 1845).
(Synonymized by Horváth, 1909, Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung. 7: 631).
1837 Pentatoma picta: Westwood, Cat. Hope 1: 8.
1838 Cimex hebraicus Germar, Silb. Rev. Ent. 5: 177. (Synonymized with hilaris by Dallas, 1851, List Hem. Brit. Mus.
1: 259).
1844 Eurydema picta: Herrich-Schäffer, Wanz. Ins. 7(5): 83.
1844 Eurydema hebraicus: Herrich-Schäffer, Wanz. Ins. 7(5): 83.
1845 Cimex jucundus Klug, Symb. Phys. 5: pl. 44 fig. 6. (Synonymized with hilaris by Dallas, 1851, List Hem. 1: 259).
1851 Strachia picta: Dallas, List Hem. Brit. Mus. 1: 259.
1851 Strachia hilaris: Dallas, List Hem. Brit. Mus. 1: 259.
1853 Pentatoma jucundus: Herrich-Schäffer, Wanz. Ins. Index 53, 156.
1853 Eurydema hilaris: Herrich-Schäffer, Wanz. Ins. Index 93, 94.
1862 Bagrada picta: Stål, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 23: 105.
1865 Bagrada hilaris: Stål, Hem. Afr. 1: 187–188.
1909 Bagrada cruciferarum Kirkaldy, Cat. Hem. 1: 108, 380. (Unnecessary new name for Cimex pictus Fabricius, 1775).
1936 Bagrada picta var. connenctens Horváth, Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung. 30: 29. (Treated as a form after 1960 by Stichel, 1961,
Ill. Bestimm. Wanz. 4(48): 757).
1936 Bagrada picta var. modesta Horváth, Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung. 30: 29. (Treated as a form after 1960 by Stichel,
1961, Ill. Bestimm. Wanz. 4(48): 757).
1961 Bagrada hilaris f. connectens: Stichel, Ill. Bestimm. Wanz. 4(48): 757. (Unjustified emendation).
1961 Bagrada hilaris f. cruciferarum: Stichel, Ill. Bestimm. Wanz. 4(48): 757.
1961 Bagrada hilaris f. modesta: Stichel, Ill. Bestimm. Wanz. 4(48): 757.

(^1) Sections 3.4.2, 3.5, 3.6.1.1, 3.6.1.2, and 3.6.1.4 were modified and updated from Biology, ecology, and management of
an invasive stink bug, Bagrada hilaris, in North America by J. C. Palumbo, T. M. Perring, J. G. Millar, and D. A. Reed,
in Annual Review of Entomology 61: 453-473. Copyright 2016. Reprinted with permission.
(^2) Synonymy adapted from David A. Rider (personal communication).
CONTENTS
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 206
3.2 Taxonomy and Identification ........................................................................................................ 207
3.2.1 Taxonomy ........................................................................................................................ 207
3.2.2 Identification and Comparison with Other Stink Bugs ................................................... 208
3.3 Distribution .................................................................................................................................. 209
3.3.1 Old World Distribution .................................................................................................... 209
3.3.2 New World Distribution .................................................................................................. 209