Australian_Science_Illustrated_Issue_52_2017

(Greg DeLong) #1

Hormones


reduce hunger


When a meal passes through your bowels,
substances are released to make you feel full.

H


unger is the basic need that ensures our
survival. If the cells of the body start to
lack energy, your stomach will rumble,
reminding you to eat some more. The
sensation is controlled by hormones liberated
from the stomach, the bowels, and the
pancreas. The hormones signal to the
hypothalamus brain region,
which reduces or increases
your sensation of hunger.
According to scientists,
mutations of fullness
hormones are the
reason why some
people find it difficult
to regulate their
intakes and become
overweight.

When you bite
into a carrot,
a chain reaction
of hormones
reduces your
hunger.

SHUTTERSTOCK

Small intestine
Produces four hormones, as it
digests. Peptide YY, the glucagon-like
peptide 1, oxyntomodulin, and
uroguanylin all reduce hunger.

Fat cells
Liberate the powerful fullness
hormone leptin. Erroneous hormone
signalling can cause overweight.

Pancreas
Produces insulin, amylin, and
pancreatic polypeptide, which all
reduce hunger.

Upper small intestine
As the upper small intestine fills with
food, the cholecystokinin hormone
is produced to make you feel full.

Stomach
As the stomach's food content is
reduced, ghrelin is released, It's
the most powerful hormone
for causing hunger.

Large intestine
In 2014, scientists discovered that
the large intestine produces yet
another hormone. The insulin-like
peptide 5 (ILP-5) causes hunger
in a way, which scientists are still
trying to explain.

MAKE YOU FULL


MAKE YOU HUNGRY


8 SENSE OF HUNGER

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