166 TRANSLATION, NOTES, AND COMMENTSprominently in Jeremiah (and Ezekiel), is not a "Deuteronomistic" idea.
Nothing in any of these oracles requires a post-586 B.C. date, a setting other
than Jerusalem, or an attribution to someone other than Jeremiah (pace
Duhm; Mowinckel 1914: 50; 1956: 167; Thiel 1973: 246-49; McKane). All
can be said to reflect the aftermath of Jerusalem's capitulation to Nebuchad-
nezzar in 597, and the exile following. The oracles also give every indication of
being genuine Jeremiah utterances (Weiser; Holladay). Giesebrecht (p. xxi)
says they emanate from the hand of Baruch.
The three oracles are linked by key words, some of which progress like the
locust parade in Joel 1:4. Key words are the following:Woe to shepherds ... who scatter the ffock ...
II You, you have scattered my ffock and dispersed them
and you have not reckoned them
Look I will reckon upon you ...III And I, I will gather ... my ffock ... where I dispersed them ...
And I will raise up ... shepherds who will shepherd them ...
and they shall not be reckoned withv Iv2v3
v4Most of the key words are repetitions, but not to be missed is the contrast between
"You, you have scattered," and "I, I will gather;' made emphatic by the added pro-
nouns "you," >attem, followed by "and I," wa>anf (Holladay l 966b: 422-23).
There is also an audience shift evident when the three oracles are heard in
sequence:I Yahweh speaks to an unidentified audience
II Yahweh speaks directly to the shepherds
III Yahweh speaks to an unidentified audienceCatchwords connecting to the oracle preceding:23:3 lands 22:26-29 land (6x)Catchwords connecting to the oracle following:v 2 Look I v 5 Look
v 4 And I will raise up when I will raise upThese latter catchwords are noted by both Fishbane (1985: 472) and Parke-
Taylor (2000: 56).
NOTES
23:1. Woe to shepherds who destroy and who scatter the ffock of my pasture. An-
other oracle beginning like 22: 13-17, where the "woe" (hoy) is not a lament but