death. Internally, however, the Puritans, according to Booty those who
caviled about vestments, were emerging as a danger to the English order
in their own right. Yet Jewel at the end of his life showed no substantial
difference with the Jewel of 1559 and 1560, neither searching for some
equipoise between Rome and Geneva, nor a precisian becoming an
ensconced cleric. It is easy to see why Booty may have seen Jewel in this
light. With the Louvain presses having ceased and the English Church on
the verge of the Admonition Controversy, the threat to English order
now would appear to be the Puritans and Presbyterians. Yet the
resolution to Jewel’s argument with them was no different than what it
would have been with Rome, even though the contention may have been
less hot.
Nicholas Tyacke, Peter White and all that revisionism
Following the publication of Nicholas Tyacke’s Anti-Calvinists, the
inquisition concerning the causes of the English Civil War extended back
past the Stuart Church to the character of the later Elizabethan Church.
Tyacke queried whether the Church of England was a Calvinist Church
‘decaying’ into an Arminian one, or at least an anti-Calvinist one; or was
the Calvinist/Arminian controversy only a chimera, distracting historians
from the real causes of the conflict?^34 Divining the theology of the later
Elizabethan and Early Stuart Church necessarily comprehends questions
touching the theological nature of the early Elizabethans as well,
extending back past the 1595 Lambeth Articles to the Settlement of
- Elizabeth did not want more than a doctrinally minimal Church,
and whether or not Jewel wanted this, owing to the slight doctrinal
content of the Apologyand to his via negativi canonis in the Challenge
Sermon, he essentially defined the Church of England as such. While
their attempts floundered to get even this modicum of dogma
formalized, the bishops and doctors of the English Church – Jewel
among them – became embroiled in matters of polity and not dogma per
236 JOHN JEWEL AND THE ENGLISH NATIONAL CHURCH
(^34) Nicholas Tyacke, Anti-Calvinism: the Rise of English Arminianism, ca. 1590–1640
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987). See especially the extended preface to the 1990
paperback edition. See also Peter White, ‘The Rise of Arminianism Reconsidered’, Past and
Present101 (1983), pp. 34–54; William Lamont, ‘Comment: The Rise of Arminianism
Reconsidered’,Past and Present, 107 (1985), pp. 227–31; Peter Lake, ‘Calvinism and the
English Church, 1570–1635’, Past and Present114 (1987), 32–76, and Nicholas Tyacke
and Peter White, ‘Debate: The Rise of Arminianism Reconsidered’, Past and Present, 115
(1987), pp. 201–29. And finally, William Lamont, ‘The Puritan Revolution: A
historiographical essay’, in J.G.A. Pocock, ed. The Varieties of British Political Thought,
1500–1800(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, in association with the Folger
Institute, 1993).
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