Yoga for Speech-Language Development

Yoga for Vocabulary and Linguistic Concepts 93

considered echolalia, the repetition of another’s prior utterance,
which is a salient feature of some children with ASD (Kim et al.
2014). Immediate echolalia refers to repetitions that directly
follow another’s utterance (e.g. Adult: “Let’s do chair pose”; Child:
“Let’s do chair pose”). Delayed echolalia refers to repetitions
that are removed from the time and place in which they were
initially heard (e.g. Child says “Sit on your mat,” a phrase that
the child heard on a prior occasion). Delayed echolalia sometimes
originates in scripted forms of language such as movies, television
commercials, or YouTube videos.
In terms of the five components of language introduced
in Chapter 2, the lexicon is generally considered part of the
semantic domain because, as noted above, words represent ideas
or knowledge about objects, relationships, and events in the
world (Bloom and Lahey 1978). However, the specific lexical
items, or words, that are actually said (or signed) are considered
part of morphological form (Bloom and Lahey 1978). As noted
in Chapter 2, the form of words can be categorized in terms
of traditional parts of speech such as nouns, pronouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions. Common nouns comprise
the majority of word types that children acquire first, and they
continue to dominate their lexicons by the time their productive
vocabularies exceed the 600-word level (Bates et al. 1994).
In addition to whole words, parts of words, including noun,
verb, and adjective suffixes, are another type of form that children
acquire. These inflectional and derivational morphemes, lexical
items, and the linguistic concepts that they represent, develop in an
integrative, synergistic way. Simply put, vocabulary development
must be considered in relation to other language components—
syntactical, morphological, phonological, and pragmatic—as well
as the broader context of other developmental domains—the
social-emotional, cognitive, and linguistic (Uccelli, Rowe, and
Pan 2017).