bummers 296, 296
Burbridge, Major General Stephen 143
Bureau of Military Information 131
Burkeville, Virginia 316
The Burning (Shenandoah Valley) 268
Burnside, General Ambrose 66
advance on Richmond 83, 136, 248
at Antietam 133, 135
at Fredericksburg 136–137
at Knoxville 210
commands Army of the Potomac 83,
136
Mud March 137
bushwhackers 71, 225, 288 , 289
Butler, Andrew 31, 32
Butler, General Benjamin 97, 168 ,
209, 225
Army of the James 209, 254
at Bermuda Hundred 209, 248, 254
at Sabine Pass 226–227
Butler Medal 168
Butterfield, Brigadier General Daniel 119C
Cairo, Illinois 100
USS Cairo 100
Calhoun, John C. 20, 21 , 30, 68
California 21, 23, 140
Gold Rush 12 , 22, 140
Cameron, Simon 68
Camp Douglas 256, 256
Camp Lawton 297
Camp Milton Historic Preserve 350
Camp Sumter see Andersonville
Canby, General Edward 140, 305, 324,
325
canister 255
Carleton, Colonel James H. 141
Carnegie, Andrew 218
USS Carondelet 101, 102
carpetbaggers 342, 342 , 343
Carrick’s Ford 45
Carson, Colonel Kit 141
cartes de visite 244, 244
Carthage, Missouri 45
Cass, Lewis 30
Cassville, Georgia 292
casualties
civilian 193 , 335
Confederate 85
first fatalities 51
total 334
Union 89
Catto, Octavius 344, 345
Cavada, Frederic 138
cavalry 148–153
charges 149, 149
Confederate 148, 149
flags 148
horses 148
post-Civil War roles 149
raids 149
reconnaissance 130, 149
uniforms 148
Union 148, 149
weapons 148–149, 152–153
Cedar Creek, Battle of 233 , 269,
273, 273
Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National
Historical Park 368
Cedar Mountain, Virginia 120
Chamberlain, Colonel Joshua L. 181, 317,
319
Chambersburg 268, 268
Champion Hill, Mississippi 191
Chancellorsville, Battle of 113, 156 , 158,
173, 174–177, 251
Chantilly, Virginia 121
chaplains 173 , 371
Chapultepec, Battle of 186, 186 , 196, 196
Charleston, South Carolina
naval assault 158, 178
siege of 221, 276, 280–281, 334
Chase, Salmon P. 198
Chattanooga, Tennessee 142, 210
Chattanooga Campaign 145, 193, 197,
214–215, 217 , 271
Cheeney, William 281
Chickamauga and Chattanooga National
Military Park 354–355
Chickamauga, Battle of 145, 157 , 183, 187,
187 , 193, 210–213, 211, 216, 217
USS Chickasaw 287
Chickasaw Bayou 83, 190
Chickasaw Bluffs 191
Chile, Lydia Maria 35
Christmas truce 275
USS Cincinatti 101
cipher machines 130
Civil Rights Act, 1866 332, 338
Civil Rights Act, 1875 333
Civil Rights Act, 1964 309, 349
civil service reform 345
Civil War Defenses of Washington 372
Clay, Henry 14, 20, 21 , 23 , 51, 70, 71
Cleburne, Major General Patrick C. 163,
215
close order drill 65
coastal artillery 276
Cobb, General Thomas 137
code-cracking 220
Coehorn mortars 241
Cold Harbor, Battle of 232 , 260–261
Colonna, Benjamin A. 255
Colorado 21, 140, 141
Colt, Samuel 223
Colt Dragoon revolver 67
Columbia, South Carolina 306
Columbiads 276
Columbus, Kentucky 71, 100, 105, 142
Combahee River raid 158, 167
commerce raiding 282–283
communications 220–221
signaling systems 221, 221
telegraphy 16, 220–221
Compromise, Missouri 13, 14, 20, 23,
30, 31, 70
Compromise of 1850 12 , 14, 23, 46, 48
Confederacy
battle flags 56–57
costs of war 334–335
economic and industrial situation 54,
68–69, 76, 199, 330, 335
European aid 76, 77, 131
limited rail network 69
“Lost Cause” 348
population 54
postwar perspective 348
postwar South 334–335
re-admission to the Union 309, 324,
325, 332, 333, 339, 342
reasons for defeat 69
Reconstruction 342–343
strategic depth 55
strengths 54
Confederate Arizona Territory 140, 141
Confederate Army
army life 84
conscription 84
cull of weak officers 64
desertion 85
discipline 85
ethnic homogeneity 84
logistics 68–69, 265
manpower 85
partisan ranger units 225
soldiers, motivations of 58, 59, 84
supply and transportation 265
training 65
uniforms 84, 84 , 86–87
war veterans 85, 348–349
see also Army of Northern Virginia;
Army of TennesseeConfederate Navy
Battle of Hampton Roads 80 , 82, 94–95,
286
Battle of New Orleans 96–97
blockade-running 72, 72 , 73, 221, 265,
282, 286
commerce raiding 282–283
Mississippi River conflicts 100–103
privateering 282–283
river fleet 100
Torpedo Corps and Submarine Battery
Service 280
Confederate Secret Service 245
Confederate States Military Prison Site
and Salisbury National Cemetery 360
Confiscation Acts 168
USS Congress 94, 95
Conkling, Roscoe 345
conscription 200
bounty-jumping 200
Confederate 84, 200
evasion 84, 88
exemption from 84, 200
militia draft 200
New York City draft riots 157 , 173, 200,
202–203
“Twenty-Negro Law” 200
Union 88, 200
Conscription Act 158
Constitution, amendments to
Thirteenth Amendment 25, 237,
308–309, 308 , 332, 338, 341
Fourteenth Amendment 309, 332, 338,
339, 340, 341
Fifteenth Amendment 25, 309, 331 ,
333, 339, 341, 344
Constitutional Union Party 36
contraband camps 162
“contraband of war” 162, 163 , 164
Cook, George Smith 245
Cooke, Jay 198
Cooper, Brigadier General Douglas 226
Copperhead Democrats 161, 178, 198,
201, 215, 236, 237, 263
Corcoran, Colonel Michael 172, 173
Corinth, Mississippi 83, 105, 106, 205,
216
cotton gin 14, 16, 16
cotton industry 17, 54, 55, 76, 199 , 334,
335
cottonclads 96, 97, 100, 101
counter-espionage 130
counter-insurgency 224, 225
Covey, Edward 24
Cracker Line 215
Crampton’s Gap, Maryland 127
Crater, Battle of the (Petersburg) 169,
274, 276, 278–279
Crimean War 94, 148, 244, 280
Crittenden, General John J. 70, 70 , 71
Crittenden Compromise 48, 70
Cronin, David 161
Cross Keys, Virginia 111, 172
Crowe, Eyre 28
USS Cumberland 94
Cumberland Gap 142–143
Cumberland Landing, Virginia 264
Cumberland River 45
Curtin, Andrew 179
Curtis, Brigadier General Samuel 105
Cushing, Lieutenant William B. 281
Cushman, Pauline 131
Custer, Brigadier General George
Armstrong 268–269, 271D
Dallas, Georgia 292
Danville, Virginia 315, 316
Danville Museum of Fine Arts and
History 368CSS David 280, 281
Davidson, Julian Oliver 287
Davis, Jefferson 48–49, 48 , 49
on black enlistment 49
and Bragg 49, 145
capture and imprisonment 307, 324 ,
325, 335
on captured black Union soldiers 168
death of 49
escapes to Danville 304, 315, 316
on fall of Vicksburg 193
feud with Winfield Scott 48
inauguration as president of the
Confederacy 44, 46
leadership flaws 49
leaves Senate 44
and Lee 49, 125
memorial sites 357
orders Richmond evacuation 315
peace negotiations 324
political career 48
reluctant to surrender 324
and the Richmond Bread Riot 200
timeline 49
visits First Bull Run site 61
War with Mexico 48
Davis, Varina 49
Dayton, William L. 33
Decatur see Atlanta, Battle of
Declaration of Independence 14, 24
Delano, Columbus 344
Delany, Major Martin 169
Delaware 46, 350
Democratic Party 20, 30, 36, 51, 342–343,
344, 345
Copperheads 161, 178, 198, 201, 215,
236, 237, 263
Northern and Southern factions 15, 31,
36, 47, 198
Radical Democrats 236
Redeemer movement 339
War Democrats 198, 236
desertions 200, 200
Confederate Army 85, 126, 275
Union Army 89
“Dictator” (siege mortar) 218, 218 , 277,
277
Dimmock Line 254, 262, 263
diseases and epidemics 84, 89, 205, 256,
334
dissolution of the Union 46–47
Dix, Dorothea 205
Dix-Hill Exchange Cartel 256
Dixon, Lieutenant George 281
doctors and surgeons 204–205, 208–209
Doubleday, Captain Abner 52
Douglas, Stephen A. 15, 30, 31, 36, 36 ,
37, 38, 66
Douglass, Frederick 15, 24–25, 24 , 25, 27,
35, 169
draft see conscription
Drewry’s Bluff, Battle of 254
drill 65, 92
drums 181
Du Pont, Admiral Samuel 73 , 158
Duncan, General Johnson 97
Dunker Church (Antietam) 132, 133
Dwight, Wilder 59E
Eads, James 100, 101
Early, General Jubal
at Cedar Creek 269
at Fredericksburg 174, 175
at Waynesboro 269
march on Washington 236, 263, 268
Shenandoah Valley Campaign 255, 263,
268–269
economy
economic costs of war 334–335INDEX