Hornet’s Nest (Shiloh) 106, 108–109
hospitals
field hospitals 119 , 205
formal 204
private homes as 204
Hotchkiss, Jedediah 110, 131 , 243
USS Housatonic 234, 281
Howard, Oliver Otis 174, 181
Howe, Dr. Samuel Gridley 35
Hunley, Horace L. 281
CSS Hunley 234, 281
Hunt, Major Edward 281
Hunter, General David 161, 167, 268
Shenandoah Valley Campaign 255, 263I
identity badges 85
Illinois 201, 354
Illinois Central Railroad 66
illustrated journals 244
immigrant soldiers 88, 172–173
German 88, 172–173, 175
Irish 88, 172–173
Italian 172
immigration 17, 23, 31, 172
income tax 198, 335
Independence, Missouri 71
Indian Territory 226, 227
Indiana 201, 354
Industrial Revolution 55
infantry marching pace 64
infantry tactics 58, 92–93
inflation 199, 335
intelligence gathering 126 , 130–131
inventors 222–223
Iowa 201
Irish Brigade 172, 173, 173
Irish immigrant soldiers 88, 172–173
Iron Brigade 180, 181
iron mills 55
ironclads 81 , 94–95, 96, 97, 100, 101,
280, 281
Irwinville, Georgia 325
Island Number Ten 82, 100–101
Italian immigrant soldiers 172
J
Jackson, Mississippi 191
Jackson, Andrew 20, 21, 22, 26
Jackson, Brigadier General Thomas J.
(Stonewall) 66, 112–113, 112 , 174 , 218
at Antietam 113
at Chancellorsville 113, 113 , 174–175
at First Bull Run (Manassas) 61, 112
at Fredericksburg 113, 136, 137
at Kernstown 82, 113
at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas)
113, 121, 122, 125
at Winchester 110, 111
background and character 112, 113
death of 113, 156 , 176–177
Maryland Campaign 126
memorial site 371
Richmond offensive 118, 119
seizure of Harpers Ferry armory 83,
113, 127, 132
Seven Days Battles 111, 113
Shenandoah Valley Campaign 80, 82,
110–111, 113, 130
“Stonewall” nickname 61, 112
timeline 113
Jackson, Claiborne F. 70
James, Frank 71, 225, 225
James, Jesse 71
James River 232 , 262, 263, 265
James River Squadron 283
Jay Cooke & Co 344, 345
Jayhawkers 30
Jefferson City, Missouri 44
Jefferson Davis State Historic Site 357
Jefferson, Thomas 14, 16
Louisiana Purchase 12, 14, 16
Jemison, Private Edwin Francis 118
Jenkins, General Micah 239
Jericho Mill, Virginia 248
Jim Crow Laws 341
Johnson, Andrew 197, 236, 305 , 324,
325, 326–327, 326, 327, 338, 340
impeachment 330 , 332, 338–339, 338
racist policies 338
Reconstruction 197, 338
timeline 327
Johnson, Lyndon 349
Johnson’s Island Prisoner of War Depot
360
Johnston, General Albert S. 49, 106
at Corinth 106
at Nashville 105
at Shiloh 82, 106, 218
defense of Fort Donelson 104–105
Johnston, General Joseph E. 67, 68, 116,
261
at First Bull Run (First Manassas) 60,
61, 218
at New Hope 248
at Pickett’s Mill 248
at Seven Pines 67, 117
at Vicksburg 191, 192–193
at Williamsburg 79 , 116
Atlanta Campaign 232–233, 261, 292
Carolinas Campaign 297
commands Army of North Carolina 316
commands Army of Tennessee 292
peace negotiations 299, 305, 324
Peninsula Campaign 67, 116, 117
surrender 305, 317, 324, 324
Jones, Lieutenant Catesby ap Roger 94 ,
95
Julian, George W. 308 , 309K
Kansas 15, 23, 30–31, 357
“Bleeding Kansas” 30–31, 70
Lecompton Constitution 15
Kansas-Nebraska Act 15, 30, 31, 73
Kearny, Major General Philip 121
USS Kearsarge 77, 283, 285
Kennesaw Mountain, Battle of 263, 292
Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield
Park 354
Kennon, Lieutenant Beverly 97
Kentucky 37, 46, 51, 71, 357
Confederate offensive 81, 83, 142–143,
218
declares for the Union 71
guerrilla warfare 143
Kernstown, Second Battle of 113, 268
ketchum grenades 277
Kilpatrick, General Judson 234
Kimball, Colonel Nathan 110
Kirby Smith, General Edmund 142, 143,
226, 288, 307, 317, 324, 325
Kirkland, Richard 137
Know-Nothing Party 31, 32, 172
Knoxville, Tennessee 159, 187, 210
Ku Klux Klan 85, 225, 291, 291 , 332,
339, 342, 343
Ku Klux Klan Acts 333, 342L
labor organizations 17
Laird rams 77
land confiscations 338, 340
land redistribution 340Latane, Captain William 250
Lawrence, Kansas
sack (1856) 15, 31, 34, 35,
raided by Quantrill (1863) 71, 225, 225
Lecompton Constitution 15
Lee, Fitzhugh 314
Lee, Robert E. 124–125, 124 , 125
at Antietam 81, 125, 132–133, 136
at Chancellorsville 156 , 158, 174, 175
at Cold Harbor 260–261
at Gettysburg 93, 125, 180–185
background and character 124–125
commands Army of Northern Virginia
55, 67, 80, 82
defense of railroads 262, 265, 274, 275
and emancipation 163
farewell address 55
on foreign aid 76
on Forrest 290
Harpers Ferry raid 34
invasion of the North 156 , 178–179, 251
and Jackson 113, 125
and Longstreet 187
Maryland Campaign 81, 83, 125,
126–127, 132
memorial sites 368
Pennsylvania Campaign 125
Petersburg siege 201, 236, 262–263,
265, 274–275, 314–315
and Richmond offensive 117, 118, 119,
248
at Second Battle of Bull Run (Second
Manassas) 67, 81, 120–121, 125, 126
at Seven Days Battles 67, 80 , 81,
118–119, 125
and Stuart 250, 251
surrender 125, 305 , 315, 316–319, 316
timeline 125
war of attrition 263
War with Mexico 21
Wilderness Campaign 232 , 238–243
Letcher, John 130
Letterman, Jonathan W. 205
Letters of Marque 282
Leutze, Emanuel 18
Lewis and Clark expedition 16
Lexington, Missouri 45
Libby Prison 256
The Liberator 13 , 24, 26, 27
Liberia 26, 162
Liberty Party 30
Lieber, Francis 225
Lieber Code 225
limbers 128
Lincoln, Abraham 38–39, 38 , 39 , 312
assassination 39, 131, 237, 305,
320–323, 324
background and early life 38
election (1860) 15, 25, 33, 36–37,
38–39
election (1864) 39, 201, 233, 233 ,
236–237, 261, 275
Emancipation Proclamation 25, 39, 81,
133, 156, 157 , 160–161, 168, 308, 338
and fall of Richmond 307, 315
Free-Soil principles 51
Gettysburg address 228–229, 348
and Grant 39, 106, 193, 236
and Hooker 175
inaugural address 39
on the Kentucky Campaign 143
and McClellan 121, 136
memorial sites 362, 371
opposes prisoner-of-war exchange
agreements 256
Proclamation of Amnesty and
Reconstruction 338
on slavery 25, 30, 34, 39, 46
timeline 39
Lincoln, Mary Todd 39
Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial 354
Lincoln Home National Historic Site 354
Lincoln Memorial 349, 372Lister, Joseph 205
Little Rock, Arkansas 226
Little Round Top (Gettysburg) 184–185,
317
locomotives 54, 68 , 219 , 335
logistics 68–69, 265
Lone Star flag 20
Longstreet, General James 178, 186–187,
186
at Antietam 132, 187
at Chickamauga 187, 187 , 210, 211
at First Bull Run (First Manassas) 187
at Fredericksburg 136, 137, 187
at Gettysburg 181, 182, 187, 221
at Knoxville 159
at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas)
121, 122, 187
background and character 186–187
Battle of the Wilderness 187
on Bragg 145
Knoxville Campaign 187
Maryland Campaign 126, 127
Richmond offensive 118, 119
timeline 187
War with Mexico 186, 186
Wilderness Campaign 238, 239
Lookout Mountain, Battle of 214 , 215
“Lost Cause” 348
Louisiana 44, 343, 345
secession 46
CSS Louisiana 97
Louisiana Purchase 12, 14, 16
Louisiana Tigers 180
Lovejoy, Elijah 27, 27
Lowe, Thaddeus 61, 130
Lowell, Massachusetts 17
Lyman, Colonel Theodore 271, 298
Lynchburg, Virginia 268, 316
Lynde, Major Isaac 140
Lyon, Captain Nathaniel 70, 70 , 71, 71
Lytle, A. D. 245M
McCallum, Daniel C. 218
McCausland, John A. 268
McClellan, General George B. 39, 66–67,
66 , 71, 131, 224, 236
at Antietam 67, 80 , 132–133
at Philippi 44
at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas)
121
at Seven Pines 117
at Williamsburg 79 , 116
background and character 65, 66–67
commands Army of the Potomac 64–65,
66, 82, 110, 116, 126–127, 132
early successes 60
habitual caution 65, 67, 80, 116, 127,
131
and Lee’s Maryland Campaign 126–127
Peninsula Campaign 61, 67, 80, 82,
116–117, 266 , 276
presidential candidate 67, 71, 201 , 237
relationship with Lincoln 66, 67
removal from command 67, 117, 136,
236
Richmond offensive 116, 118, 119
Seven Days Battles 67, 80, 118–119
timeline 67
Union general-in-chief 45
War with Mexico 66
Western Virginia Campaign 66
McClernand, General John A. 105, 192
McDowell, Brigadier General Irvin 60, 61 ,
111
at First Bull Run (First Manassas) 61, 66
Peninsula Campaign 116
McDowell, Battle of 82
McLaws, Major General Lafayette 174, 181
McLean, Wilmer 316INDEX