Notes
Preface
Joan C. Williams et al., Climate Control: Gender and Racial Bias in Engineering? Center for WorkLife Law
and Society of Women Engineers, October 2016.
This study used the résumés of 80 higher-class and 78 lower-class men; the candidates were identically
qualified. It found that 16.25 percent of the higher-class men received interview invitations, but only one lower-
class man did. Lauren A. Rivera and András Tilcsik, “Class Advantage, Commitment Penalty: The Gendered
Effect of Social Class Signals in an Elite Labor Market,” American Sociological Review 81, no. 6 (2016): 1097–
Mark Lilla, The Once and Future Liberal: After Identity Politics (New York: Harper, 2017).
Economic Policy Institute, “The Productivity–Pay Gap,” August 2018, https://www.epi.org/productivity-pay-
gap/.
Raj Chetty et al., The Fading American Dream: Trends in Absolute Income Mobility Since 1940 , NBER
Working Paper No. 22910, 2017.
The number of the crimes reported to the FBI increased by 17 percent from 2016 to 2017, FBI, “2017 Hate
Crime Statistics Released,” November 13, 2018, https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2017-hate-crime-statistics-
released-111318. According to a survey by the Pew Research Center, 56 percent of Americans say President
Trump has made race relations worse; 65 percent say it is more common for people to express racist or racially
insensitive views, with 45 percent saying this has become more acceptable. Juliana Menasce Horowitz, Anna
Brown, and Kiana Cox, “Race in America 2019,” Pew Research Center, April 9, 2019,
https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2019/04/09/race-in-america-2019/.
Richard Feloni, “High-Profile Investors Like Jeff Bezos, Ray Dalio, and Meg Whitman Are Flocking to a
$150 Million Fund Nurturing Startups in Overlooked American Cities,” Business Insider , February 6, 2018,
https://www.businessinsider.com/rise-of-the-rest-steve-case-jd-vance-2018-1.
James Manyika et al., Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained: Workforce Transitions in a Time of Automation , McKinsey
Global Institute, December 2017.
Emily Badger et al., “Extensive Data Shows Punishing Reach of Racism for Black Boys,” New York Times ,
March 19, 2018.
Kristi Berner, “Can Businesses Help Fix the Incarceration Crisis? Columbia Business School, April 30,
2018, https://www.8.gsb.columbia.edu/articles/columbia-business/can-businesses-help-fix-incarceration-crisis.
Michèle Lamont, The Dignity of Working Men: Morality and the Boundaries of Race, Class, and
Immigration (Boston: Harvard University Press, 2000): 116–128.
Chapter 1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Married..._with_Children; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homer_Simpson.
Ruy Teixeira and Joel Rogers, America’s Forgotten Majority: Why the White Working Class Still Matters
Notes