issuhub.com

Communication Between Cultures

(Sean Pound) #1

Contents xvii


     - for the Interdependent Global Society CHAPTER 1 Intercultural Communication: A Requirement


  • The Interdependent Global Society

  • The Requirement for Intercultural Cooperation

    • Social Challenges

    • Ecological Concerns

    • Humanitarian and Legal Cooperation

    • Political Issues

    • Security Concerns



  • Technology

  • Developing Intercultural Awareness

    • Individual Uniqueness

    • Generalizing

    • Objectivity

    • Compromise in Intercultural Communication

    • Communication Is Not the Universal Solution



  • Preview of the Book

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

    • CHAPTER 2 Communication and Culture: The Voice and the Echo



  • Human Communication

  • The Uses of Communication

    • Communication Helps Fulfill Interpersonal Needs

    • Communication Assists with Person Perception

    • Communication Establishes Cultural and Personal Identities

    • Communication Has Persuasive Qualities



  • Defining Human Communication

  • The Ingredients of Human Communication

  • Components of Human Communication

    • Communication Is a Dynamic Process

    • Communication Is Symbolic

    • Communication Is Contextual

      • Number of Participants

      • Environmental Context

      • Occasion

      • Time



    • Communication Is Self-Reflective

    • Communication Is Irreversible

    • Communication Has a Consequence

    • Communication Is Complex

    • Misconceptions About Human Communication

      • Communication Can Solve All Problems

      • Some People Are Born Effective Communicators

      • The Message You Send Is the Message Received





  • Culture

    • Culture Defined

    • Characteristics of Culture

      • Culture Is Shared

      • Culture Is Transmitted from Generation to Generation

      • Culture Is Based on Symbols

      • Culture Is Learned

      • Culture Is Dynamic



    • The Elements of Culture

      • Worldview

      • Religion

      • History

      • Values

      • Social Organizations

      • Language





  • Developing Intercultural Competence

    • The Basic Components of Intercultural Communication Competence

      • Motivation

      • Knowledge

      • Skills



    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • the Family CHAPTER 3 The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from





  • The Deep Structure of Culture

    • Messages Deep Structure Institutions Transmit Culture’s Most Important

    • Deep Structure Institutions and Their Messages Endure

    • Deep Structure Institutions and Their Messages Are Deeply Felt

    • Deep Structure Institutions Supply Much of a Person’s Identity



  • Family

    • Definition of Family

    • Forms of Family

      • Nuclear Families

      • Extended Families



    • Globalization and Families

    • Functions of the Family

      • Reproductive Function

      • Economic Function

      • Socialization Function

      • Language Acquisition Function

      • Identity Function



    • Cultural Variants in Family Interaction

      • Gender Roles

      • Individualism and Collectivism

      • Individualism and the Family

      • Collectivism and the Family



    • The Elderly

      • United States

      • Latino

      • Arab

      • Asian

      • East African

      • American Indian

      • African American



    • Social Skills

      • Communication Skills

      • Aggressive Behavior



    • Developing Communication Competence Through the Family

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • and Death CHAPTER 4 Worldview: Cultural Explanations of Life





  • Worldview and Culture

  • Manifestations of Worldview

  • Constructs of Worldviews

    • Atheism as a Worldview

      • Rejection of God

      • Role of the Individual

      • A Set of Ethical Standards

      • The Finality of Death



    • Spirituality as a Worldview

    • Religion as a Worldview



  • Religion and Human Behavior

    • Religion in the Twenty-First Century

      • Globalization and Religion

      • Violence and Religion





  • Selecting Religious Traditions for Study

  • Common Elements of Religion

    • Speculation

    • Sacred Writings

    • Religious Rituals

    • Ethics



  • Christianity

    • Core Assumptions

    • Cultural Expressions of Christianity

      • Christianity and Community

      • Christianity and Individualism

      • Christianity and“Doing”

      • Christianity and the Future

      • Christianity and Courage

      • Christianity and Ethics

      • Christianity and Notions About Death





  • Judaism

    • Origins

    • Core Assumptions

    • Branches of Judaism

    • Cultural Expressions of Judaism

      • Oppression and Persecution

      • Learning

      • Social Justice

      • Family and Community

      • Judaism and Ethics

      • Jewish Notions About Death





  • Islam

    • Origins

    • Core Assumptions

      • One God

      • The Koran

      • Submission

      • Predestination

      • Judgment

      • Five Pillars of Islam



    • Cultural Expressions of Islam

      • The Message and Response to Jihad

      • A Complete Way of Life

      • Sharia Law

      • Gender



    • Ethics and Islam

    • Islamic Notions About Death



  • Hinduism

    • Origins

    • Sacred Texts

      • The Vedas

      • The Upanishads

      • The Bhagavad Gita



    • Core Assumptions

      • Divine in Everything

      • Ultimate Reality

      • Brahman

      • Multiple Paths



    • Cultural Expressions of Hinduism

      • Complete Way of Life

      • Dharma

      • Karma

      • Four Stages of Life



    • Ethics and Hinduism

    • Notions About Death



  • Buddhism

    • Origins

    • Core Assumptions

      • The Four Noble Truths

      • The Eightfold Path



    • Cultural Expressions of Buddhism

      • The Use of Silence

      • Impermanency

      • Karma



    • Buddhist Ethics

    • Buddhist Notions About Death



  • Confucianism

    • Confucius the Man

    • Core Assumptions

    • Analects

    • Cultural Expressions of Confucianism

      • Jen(Humanism)

      • Li(Rituals, Rites, Proprieties, Conventions)

      • Te(Power)

      • Wen(The Arts)



    • Confucianism and Communication

    • Confucianism and Ethics

    • Confucianism and Notions About Death



  • Developing Religious Tolerance

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • and Future CHAPTER 5 Cultural History: Precursor to the Present





  • History’s Influence

  • U.S. History

    • Contemporary Social Issues



  • Russian History

    • Contemporary Social Issues



  • Chinese History

    • Communicating History

    • Contemporary Social Issues



  • Japanese History

    • Contemporary Social Issues



  • Indian History

    • Contemporary Social Issues



  • Mexican History

    • Contemporary Social Issues



  • Historical Overview of Islamic Civilization

    • Muslim Demographics

    • The Age of Ignorance

    • The Rise and Spread of Islam

    • The Legacy of Islamic History



  • Communication Interactions Developing Historical Memory Competency for Intercultural

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • Behavior CHAPTER 6 Cultural Values: Road Maps for





  • Perception’s Influence

  • Beliefs, Values, and Behaviors

    • Beliefs

    • Values

    • Behaviors



  • Understanding Cultural Patterns

  • Choosing Cultural Patterns

  • Applying Cultural Patterns

    • Kohls’“The Values Americans Live By”

      • Personal Control over Nature

      • Change

      • Time and Its Control

      • Equality/Egalitarianism

      • Individuality and Privacy

      • Self-Help

      • Competition and Free Enterprise

      • Future Orientation

      • Action/Work Orientation

      • Informality

      • Directness, Openness, and Honesty

      • Practicality and Efficiency

      • Materialism





  • Other Cultural Pattern Typologies

    • Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck’s Value Orientations

      • Human Nature Orientation

      • Person/Nature Orientation

      • Time Orientation

      • Activity Orientation



    • Hall’s High-Context and Low-Context Orientations

      • High-Context

      • Low-Context



    • Hofstede’s Value Dimensions

      • Individualism/Collectivism

      • Uncertainty Avoidance

      • Power Distance

      • Masculinity/Femininity

      • Long- and Short-Term Orientation



    • Minkov’s Cultural Dimensions

      • Industry Versus Indulgence

      • Monumentalism Versus Flexumility

      • Exclusionism Versus Universalism



    • Tight and Loose Cultures



  • Face and Facework

  • Cultural Patterns and Communication

  • Developing Cultural Value Awareness

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • the Individual CHAPTER 7 Culture and Identity: Situating





  • Identity: Defining the Concept

  • The Influence of Identity

  • Examining Social Identities

    • Racial Identity

    • Gender Identity

    • Ethnic Identity

    • National Identity

    • Regional Identity

    • Organizational Identity

    • Personal Identity

    • Cyberidentity and Fantasy Identity

    • Other Identities



  • Identity Acquisition and Development

    • Multistage Identity Development Models



  • Establishing and Enacting Cultural Identity

  • Globalization and Cultural Identity

  • Competency and Identity in Intercultural Interactions

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • Through Language CHAPTER 8 Verbal Messages: Exchanging Ideas





  • Functions of Language

    • Social Interaction

    • Social Cohesion

    • Expressions of Identity



  • What Is Language?

    • Characteristics of Language

      • Words Are Only Symbols

      • Words Are Arbitrary

      • Words Evoke Denotative or Connotative Meanings





  • Language and Culture

    • Language and Thought

    • Language Variations

      • Accents

      • Dialect

      • Argot

      • Slang

      • United States

      • Britain

      • Texting

      • Idioms



    • Using Language

      • English

      • Spanish

      • Brazilian Portuguese

      • Northeast Asian

      • Arabic

      • German





  • Interpreting

    • Cultural Considerations in Interpreting

    • Working with Interpreters

      • Preparing for the Session

      • During the Session



    • Interpreting and Technology

    • Developing Language Competence in the Intercultural Setting

    • Learn a Second Language

    • Be Mindful

    • Be Aware of Conversational Taboos

    • Be Attentive to Your Speech Rate

    • Be Conscious of Differences in Vocabulary

    • Attend to Nonverbal Behavior

    • Use“Checking”Devices

    • Be Aware of Cultural Variations in the Use of Language

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • of Action, Space, Time, and Silence CHAPTER 9 Nonverbal Communication: The Messages





  • Defining Nonverbal Communication

  • Intentional and Unintentional Messages

  • Verbal and Nonverbal Messages

  • The Functions of Nonverbal Communication

    • Conveying Internal States

    • Creating Identity

    • Regulating Interaction

    • Substituting for Words



  • Studying Nonverbal Communication

    • Nonverbal Communication Is a Multichannel Activity

    • Nonverbal Communication Is Often Ambiguous

    • Numerous Variables Influence Nonverbal Communication



  • Nonverbal Communication and Culture

  • Classifications of Nonverbal Communication

    • Messages of the Body

    • Appearance

      • Judgment of Beauty

      • Skin Color

      • Attire



    • Body Movement

      • Posture

      • Gestures

      • Facial Expressions

      • Eye Contact and Gaze

      • Touch

      • Scents

      • Paralanguage



    • Space and Distance

      • Personal Space

      • Seating

      • Furniture Arrangement



    • Time

      • Informal Time

      • Monochronic (M-Time) and Polychronic (P-Time)



    • Silence



  • Developing Nonverbal Communication Competency

    • Your Interpretations Should Be Tentative

    • Be Conscious of the Context

    • Utilize Feedback

    • Know Your Culture

    • Monitor Your Nonverbal Actions

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • and Healthcare Applications in Business, Education,





  • Culture and Context

  • Assumptions Grounding Communication Contexts

    • Communication Is Rule Governed

    • Context Dictates Communication Rules

    • Communication Rules Vary Across Cultures



  • International Communication in Contexts

    • Intercultural Communication in Globalized Business

      • Business Protocol

      • Leadership and Management

      • Decision Making

      • Conflict Management

      • Negotiations



    • The Role of Language in Globalized Organizations

    • Benefits of Globalized Organizations



  • Education in the Globalized Society

    • Culture as a Teacher

    • Learning from Culture

    • Cultural Attitudes Toward Education

    • Language and Education

    • The Multicultural Classroom

      • Cultural Considerations in the Multicultural Classroom

      • Multicultural Classroom Communication Strategies





  • Healthcare in a Multicultural Context

    • Globalization and Healthcare

    • Intercultural Communication in Healthcare

    • Healthcare Belief Systems Across Cultures

      • Supernatural/Magico/Religious Perspective

      • Holistic Perspective

      • Scientific/Biomedical Perspective



    • Illness Prevention Across Cultures

    • Language Diversity in Healthcare

    • Death and Dying Across Cultures



  • in Contexts Developing Intercultural Communication Competence

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions

      • Differences Communication: Managing





  • Intercultural Communication in a Dynamic World

  • Entering Another Culture

    • Culture Shock and Its Impact

    • The Process of Acculturation

    • Managing Culture Shock and Enhancing Acculturation

      • Learn About the Host Culture

      • Learn About the Language of the Host Culture

      • Guard Against Ethnocentrism

      • Stay Connected to Your Own Culture



    • Obstacles to Effective Intercultural Communication

    • Tendencies to Seek Similarities

    • Managing Uncertainty

    • Withdrawal

    • Stereotyping

      • Stereotyping Defined

      • Acquiring Stereotypes

      • Stereotypes and Intercultural Communication

      • Avoiding Stereotypes



    • Prejudice

      • Functions of Prejudice

      • Causes of Prejudice

      • Expressions of Prejudice

      • Avoiding Prejudice



    • Racism

      • Racism Defined

      • Categories of Racism

      • Countering Racism



    • Power

      • Power Defined

      • Power in Intercultural Communication





  • Ethical Considerations

    • Ethics in Communication

      • Relativism

      • Universalism



    • Guidelines for Intercultural Ethics

      • Be Aware That Communication Produces a Response

      • Respect Others

      • Seek Commonalities

      • Recognize and Respect Cultural Differences

      • Be Self-Responsible





  • A Final Appeal

    • Summary

    • Activities

    • Concepts and Questions



  • Notes

  • Index

Free download pdf
Get our desktop app
Company
Features
Documentation
Resources
© ISSUHUB. 2024. All rights reserved.