300 Notes
//www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/GuidanceRegulation/GuidanceDocuments
RegulatoryInformation/UCM 9 96 .pdf.
69. German food conglomerate: Leeder, “Honey Laundering”; “Two
Companies and Five Individuals Charged with Roles in Illegal Honey Im-
ports; Avoided $ 80 Million In Anti-Dumping Duties,” US Attorney’s Office,
Northern District of Illinois, last modified July 7 , 0 , https://www.justice
.gov/usao-ndil/pr/two-companies-and-five-individuals-charged-roles-illegal
-honey-imports-avoided- 80.
70. evade $180 million in duties: US Attorney’s Office, Northern District
of Illinois, “Two Companies and Five Individuals.”
7 . Chinese honey was seized: US Immigration and Customs En-
forcement, “ICE, CBP in Houston Seize Illegally Imported Honey Valued at
$. 4 Million,” last modified February , 0 , https://www.ice.gov/news
/releases/ice-cbp-houston-seize-illegally-imported-honey-valued- 4
-million.
7 . countries with little history of exports: Susan Berfield, “The Honey
Launderers: Uncovering the Largest Food Fraud in U.S. History,” Bloom-
berg, September 0 , 0 3 , http://www.bloomberg.com/bw/articles/ 0 3 - 09 - 9
/how-germany-s-alw-got-busted-for-the-largest-food-fraud-in-u-dot-s-dot
-history.
73. antibiotic given to bees but not approved: Berfield, “The Honey
Launderers”; for more information about chloramphenicol dangers to adults
and children, see: HHS, “Chloramphenicol. CAS No. 6 - 7 - 7 ” in “The 3 th
Report on Carcinogens,” October , 0 4 , https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc
/content/profiles/chloramphenicol.pdf; Mike Isildar et al., “DNA Damage in
Intact Cells Induced by Bacterial Metabolites of Chloramphenicol,” American
Journal of Hematology 8 , no. (May 988 ), 40 – 46 , http://doi.org/ 0 . 00 /ajh
. 830 80 09.
74. marker for illegal Chinese honey: FDA, “FDA Import Alert 36 -
04 ,” February 8 , 0 8 , https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cms_ia/importalert_.
html.
7 . issued six import alerts: Ibid.
76. anti-inflammatory drugs used in horses: “EU Tests Identify Horse-
meat in Almost Five Percent of Beef Products,” DW Akademie, April 6 , 0 3 ,
http://www.dw.de/eu-tests-identify-horsemeat-in-almost-five-percent-of
-beef-products/a- 6748 4.
77. tone down its findings: Felicity Lawrence, “Horsemeat Scandal Report
Calls for Urgent and Comprehensive Reforms,” The Guardian, September 4 ,
0 4 , http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/ 0 4 /sep/ 04 /horsemeat-scandal
-report-urgent-comprehensive-reforms.