372 Chapter 10 | Interest Groups- Interest groups that want to maximize the amount of access
they receive in return for a campaign contribution will
sometimes.
a contribute to weak candidates who need the money
b contribute to candidates who oppose the group’s goals
c wait until the general election to make a contribution
d help candidates who support them, even if they are electorally safe
e avoid electioneering efforts altogether
How much power do interest
groups have?
Evaluate interest group influence. (Pages 365–369)Summary
It is commonly argued that elected officials are letting interest
groups define their agenda. However, the evidence on interest
groups does not support these claims: there is no correlation
between the amount of money spent on lobbying and a group’s
success, nor is there conclusive evidence that group lobbying
influences policy. Groups are generally most influential when the
issues attract little public attention and when an issue does not have
organized opposition.Practice Quiz Questions
- Interest groups generally lobby in government.
a their opponents
b their friends
c the undecided
d the newly elected
e the less informed - Interest groups are more likely to succeed when their
request has salience and when it has
conflict.
a low; little
b high; little
c low; high
d high; high
e high; zero
Key term
salience (p. 368)Interest group strategies
Explore the ways interest groups try to influence govern-
ment policies. (Pages 355–364)Summary
Interest groups have two types of tactics for lobbying elected
officials. They can attempt to influence politics by taking action
in Washington or they can take action elsewhere. The decision to
pursue an inside or outside strategy comes down to the interest
group’s resources and which strategy members think will be most
effective.Practice Quiz Questions
- Asking government officials to change policy in line with the
group’s goals is.
a revolving door lobbying
b Astroturf lobbying
c direct lobbying
d indirect lobbying
e outside lobbying - Interest groups generally draft legislation;
they generally provide testimony before
committees.
a do; do
b do not; do
c do; do not
d do not; do not - Directly involving interest group members in lobbying efforts
is called.
a Astroturf lobbying
b grassroots lobbying
c democratic lobbying
d lobbying through referendum
e inside lobbying - For grassroots lobbying to be effective,.
a only a few pieces of mail are necessary
b mail must come from all over the country
c all messages have to have exactly the same appeal
d letters have to come from constituents
e letters have to come from prominent officials
Key terms
inside strategies (p. 355)
outside strategies (p. 355)
direct lobbying (p. 355)
grassroots lobbying (p. 359)
Astroturf lobbying (p. 360)political action committee
(PAC) (p. 362)
527 organization (p. 362)
referendum (p. 363)
initiative (p. 363)Full_11_APT_64431_ch10_340-373.indd 372 16/11/18 10:26 AM