A76 Glossary/Indexfederal debt, 536, 5 3 7, 538
Federal Deposit Insurance Corpora-
tion, 535Federal Election Commission, 121, 320
The government agency that enforces
and regulates election laws; made
up of six presidential appointees,
of whom no more than three can be
members of the same party.Federal Election Commission, Citizens
United v., 320, 321, 322, 362, 510, 523,
524
Federal Election Commission,
McCutcheon v., 320, 321
Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA), 73, 96, 4 25
Federal Emergency Relief
Administration, 576
Federal Employees Political Activities
Act (1993), 477
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
(1938), 457federal funds rate (FFR), 558, 559 The
interest rate that a bank must pay
on an overnight loan from another
bank.federal government
Antifederalist concerns about,
48–49
autonomy of, 73
balance of power with state and
local governments, 6, 8, 38,
4 4–45, 75–77
budget of, 532, 536–37
bureaucracy of, 454–87
checks and balances in, 6, 37, 41
in cooperative federalism, 81–82
in daily life, 13–14
economic policy of, 530–71
education role of, 88, 89, 89, 585,
606–9
employees of, 472, 473, 474 , 475–7 8
environmental policies of, 85
evolving concept of, 77–78
in federalism, 6, 8, 38, 44–45, 72, 73,
74 , 75–7 7
financial aid to states, 86–88
forms of, 8
goals of, 5–8
historical growth of, 421
lobbying of, 345, 358in media regulation, 235–36
party views on role of, 267
policy priorities in, 224–26
public opinion on, 222, 222–24, 223,
224
responsibilities of, 73, 74
separation of powers in, 6, 8, 37, 41
shutdown of, 574
size of, 14, 472–75
social policy of, 572–613
spending trends for, 87
spoils system in, 266
strong role of, 94–97
Supreme Count rulings on, 78, 78–82
unfunded mandates of, 86
Federal Highway Administration, 472federalism, 6, 50, 70–101 The division
of power across the local, state, and
national levels of government.
advantages and disadvantages of,
94–97
and Antifederalists, 38, 48–49,
50
assessment of, 94–97
balance of national, state, and
local power in, 6, 8, 38, 44–45,
7 1 –7 7, 74
coercive, 83, 84, 85, 86
competitive, 90, 96, 97
concurrent powers in, 73, 74
cooperative, 81–88, 83, 96
dual, 78, 79–80, 81, 82, 83, 88,
493
and environmental policies, 85
evolving concept of, 77–82, 83, 84
fiscal, 83, 83–88
levels of government and autonomy
in, 73
“marble cake” and “layer cake”
models of, 82, 83, 84
picket fence, 82, 83, 84
policy implications of, 94
and recreational marijuana, 95
social policy in, 585
states’ rights in, 80, 90–93
Supreme Count rulings on, 78,
78–82, 91
Federalist Papers, 37, 50, 50, 54, 235, 377,
490
Federalist Radio Hour, 238Federalists, 38, 39 , 41, 7 7–78 , 265 , 266,
492 Those at the Constitutional
Convention who favored a strongnational government and a system
of separated powers.
on judiciary, 490
on presidential powers, 57
on proposed Constitution, 50Federalist Society, 50
Federal Meat Inspection Act (1906),
467federal preemption, 86 Imposition of
national priorities on the states
through national legislation that is
based on the Constitution’s suprem-
acy clause.Federal Register, 4 5 7, 4 6 0
Federal Reserve Act (1913), 545Federal Reserve Board, 545 The group
of seven presidential appointees
who govern the Federal Reserve
System.
appointment to, 545, 546, 547Federal Reserve Reform Act (1977),
545Federal Reserve System, 7, 470, 472, 535,
545–47 An independent agency
that serves as the central bank of the
United States to bring stability to the
nation’s banking system.
employees in, 546
in financial crisis (2008), 548–50
and interest rates, 535, 539, 545, 547
monetary policies of, 312, 533, 545,
5 47, 557–59
open market operations of, 559
political independence of, 546, 547,
550Federal Speedy Trial Act, 139
Federal-State Extended Benefits
Program, 604
Federal-State Unemployment
Compensation Program, 604
Federal Trade Commission (FTC),
460
Feinstein, Dianne, 244
Fenno, Richard F., 381, 394, 403
Ferguson, Missouri, 120, 164
Ferguson, Plessy v., 153 , 173
feudalism, 38
Fifteenth Amendment, 62, 80, 109, 153Full_23_APT_64431_GLO_IND_A61-A114.indd 76 19/11/18 3:15 PM