Glossary/Index A99in divided government, 286
economic policies of, 15, 32, 530, 532,
540, 541, 550, 551–52, 554, 561,
580–82, 586
education policies of, 608, 609
in election process, 278–84
on fake news, 4
and federal bureaucracy, 468, 469,
473
on federal government, 267, 532
Freedom Caucus of, 402
on health insurance, 45, 572–74, 578,
599, 601, 602, 603, 610
history of, 265, 265–68
identification with, 204, 205, 265,
27 2 –7 7, 275
and ideological polarization, 220,
221, 400, 400–401
immigration policies of, 290
Latinos in, 155
media coverage on, 247
on New Deal programs, 468
organization of, 264, 267, 268–70
on original meaning of Constitu-
tion, 60
party unity in, 399, 400
party votes in, 399, 400
platform of, 284, 313–14, 314
policy priorities in, 271, 272, 276, 284,
285–86, 289–90
in presidential election (2016), 16,
279, 280, 283, 284
public opinion in, 210–11, 218, 228
racial, gender, and ethnic identity
in, 17
recruiting and nominating election
candidates from, 278–81, 282, 283,
303, 304
in redistricting, 390, 391, 392
in “red states,” 15, 16
reelection of incumbents in, 329,
330, 385, 389
on slavery, 266
social policies of, 576, 578, 580–82,
583, 583–84, 585
on Social Security, 595, 596–97
on state and local power, 45
trade policies of, 567
on unfunded mandates, 86
and voter ID laws, 302
research by interest groups, 358reserved powers, 44–45, 76 , 80, 90, 108
As defined in the TenthAmendment, powers that are not
given to the national government by
the Constitution, or not prohibited
to the states, are reserved by the
states or the people.reserve requirement, 558 The minimum
amount of money that a bank is
required to have on hand to back up
its assets.residency requirement for citizenship,
177
Resistbot, 350–51
resolutions, 405, 408, 409
restraint, judicial, 519, 521–22, 523
retirement
age at time of, 592–93, 594, 596
of baby-boom generation, 593, 594
of incumbents, 311, 334, 335
Revels, Hiram, 153
Revenue Act (1964), 551
reverse discrimination, 150, 189, 190,
191, 194
Revolutionary War, 55
and Articles of Confederation, 33,
33, 34revolving door, 348, 349 The movement
of individuals from government
positions to jobs with interest groups
or lobbying firms, and vice versa.Rhode Island, 34, 42, 47, 48, 50, 51
R icardo, David, 566
Rice, Condoleezza, 624
Richie, Nicole, 129
rights
Antifederalist concerns about, 49
to bear arms, 130–31
Bill of Rights on. See Bill of Rights
civil. See civil rights
of defendants, 132–40
of minority in majority rule, 41
natural, 36, 37
in republicanism, 36–37
of states, 80, 82, 90–93, 94
voting. See voting rights
“rights revolution,” 88
roadblocks, warrantless searches in, 133
Roberts, John G., Jr., 488, 503, 512, 513,
513, 518, 519, 522, 525
Robinson, Jackie, 154
Robinson v. California, 113Rodriguez, Alex, 135
Roe v. Wade, 141, 142, 513, 521, 522
Rogers, Will, 240, 270
Rohrabacher, Dana, 388roll call votes, 400 A recorded vote on
legislation; members may vote yes,
no, abstain, or present.Romney, Mitt, 155, 278–79, 280,
308, 332
Roof, Dylann, 164, 164, 166
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 577
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 57, 422,
422, 501, 576, 584, 589
New Deal programs of. See New
Deal
Roosevelt, Theodore, 421, 598
Rose, Charlie, 180
Rosen, Jeff, 123
Rosenstein, Rod, 472
Ross, Gary, 186
Rubio, Marco, 283, 324, 563
Rule of Four, 508
rules and procedures in political
processes, 9, 13
constitutional, 30–69
Rules Committee, 403, 410, 412
Rumsfeld, Hamdan v., 53runoff elections, 301 Under a majority
voting system, a second election
is held only if no candidate wins
a majority of the votes in the first
general election. Only the top two
vote-getters in the first election
compete in the runoff.Russia, 623
authoritarian government in, 21
and Crimea, 430, 642
income inequality in, 536
interference in 2016 presidential
election, 244, 413, 420, 433, 443,
444, 445, 454, 472, 623
multilateral actions of, 617
sanctions on, 444, 445
and Syria, 623, 633, 637
and Trump, 54, 57, 64, 244, 443,
444, 445, 472
and Ukraine, 635, 635, 642
as UN Security Council member,
637
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