Glossary
Glossary
heapusually, a big chunk of memory provided by theOSso that applications can divide it by themselves
as they wish. malloc()/free() work with the heap. 30 , 348 , 560 , 562 , 563 , 575 , 577 , 592 , 593 , 636 ,
755 , 757
real numbernumbers which may contain a dot. this isfloatanddoublein C/C++. 218
decrementDecrease by 1. 19 , 184 , 203 , 440 , 726 , 858 , 1027 , 1030 , 1034
incrementIncrease by 1. 16 , 20 , 184 , 188 , 203 , 209 , 326 , 329 , 440 , 855 , 1027
integral data typeusual numbers, but not a real ones. may be used for passing variables of boolean
data type and enumerations. 232
productMultiplication result. 97 , 224 , 227 , 407 , 431 , 454
arithmetic meana sum of all values divided by their count. 519
stack pointerA register pointing to a place in the stack. 10 , 11 , 20 , 30 , 35 , 42 , 54 , 55 , 73 , 99 , 544 , 651 ,
734 – 737 , 1022 , 1028 , 1040 , 1048
tail callIt is when the compiler (or interpreter) transforms the recursion (with which it is possible: tail
recursion) into an iteration for efficiency :wikipedia. 481
quotientDivision result. 218 , 220 , 222 , 223 , 227 , 430 , 497 , 520
anti-patternGenerally considered as bad practice. 32 , 76 , 465
atomic operation“ oo&” stands for “indivisible” in Greek, so an atomic operation is guaranteed not
to be interrupted by other threads. 646 , 788
basic blocka groupof instructions that do not have jump/branch instructions, and also don’t have jumps
inside the block from the outside. InIDAit looks just like as a list of instructions without empty lines
. 691 , 1004 , 1005
calleeA function being called by another. 32 , 33 , 46 , 66 , 86 , 97 , 99 , 101 , 420 , 465 , 544 , 651 , 734 – 737 ,
739 , 740 , 1042
callerA function calling another. 6 , 8 , 10 , 30 , 46 , 86 , 97 , 98 , 100 , 108 , 154 , 420 , 469 , 544 , 734 , 736 ,
737 , 740
compiler intrinsicA function specific to a compiler which is not an usual library function. The compiler
generates a specific machine code instead of a call to it. Often, it’s a pseudofunction for a specific
CPUinstruction. Read more: (11.3 on page 999). 1034
CP/MControl Program for Microcomputers: a very basic diskOSused before MS-DOS. 912
dongleDongle is a small piece of hardware connected to LPT printer port (in past) or to USB. Its function
was similar to a security token, it has some memory and, sometimes, a secret (crypto-)hashing
algorithmi. 815
endiannessByte order:2.8 on page 464. 22 , 78 , 346 , 1031
GiBGibibyte: 230 or 1024 mebibytes or 1073741824 bytes. 15
jump offseta part of the JMP or Jcc instruction’s opcode, to be added to the address of the next instruc-
tion, and this is how the newPCis calculated. May be negative as well. 93 , 133 , 1027