Notes A9- Abram Chayes and Antonia Handler Chayes, The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International
Regulatory Agreements (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995). - This section on NGOs draws on Karns and Mingst, International Organ izations, 3rd ed., chap. 6.
- Maria Ivanova, “The Contested Legacy of Rio + 20 ,” Global Environmental Politics 13:4
(November 2013): 4. - See Alexander Cooley and James Ron, “The NGO Scramble: Or gan i za tional Insecurity and
the Po liti cal Economy of Transnational Action,” International Security 27:1 (Summer 2002):
5 –39. - See, for example, William DeMars, NGOs and Transnational Networks: Wild Cards in World
Politics (London: Pluto, 2005); Volker Heins, Nongovernmental Organ izations in International
Society: Strug gles over Recognition (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008). - Fiona Terry, Condemned to Repeat? The Paradox of Humanitarian Action (Ithaca, NY: Cornell
University Press, 2002); and Sarah Kenyon Lischer, “Military Intervention and the Humanitarian
‘Force Multiplier,’ ” Global Governance 13:1 (January– March 2007): 99–118. - For pathbreaking theoretical and empirical work, see Martha Finnemore, National Interests
in International Society (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996) and Finnemore, The
Purpose of Intervention: Changing Beliefs about the Use of Force (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
Press, 2003); and Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists beyond Borders: Advocacy
Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998). - Michael Barnett and Martha Finnemore, Rules for the World: International Organ izations in
Global Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2004). Also Barnett and Finnemore,
“The Politics, Power, and Pathologies of International Organ izations,” International Or ga ni za
tion 53:4 (Autumn): 699–732.
Chapter 08- Data on war frequency and number of deaths can be found in several, sometimes divergent,
sources. These include Quincy Wright, A Study of War, rev. ed., 2 vols. (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1942, 1965); J. David Singer and Melvin Small, The Wages of War, 1816–1965:
Statistical Handbook (New York: Wiley, 1972); Jack S. Levy, War in the Modern Great Power
System , 1495 –1975 (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1983); Ruth Leger Sivard, World
Military and Social Expenditures, 1996 (Washington, DC: World Priorities, 1996); Human
Security Group, “The Human Security Report 2012,” www. hsrgroup. org / human - security- reports / 2012 / overview. aspx (accessed 2/27/13); and Human Security Report Proj ect
(March 2015), www. hsrgroup. org.
- reports / 2012 / overview. aspx (accessed 2/27/13); and Human Security Report Proj ect
- Charles Tilly, “Reflections on the History of Eu ro pean State- Making,” in The Making of
National States in Western Eu rope (Prince ton, NJ: Prince ton University Press, 1975), p. 42. - John Mueller, “The Essential Irrelevance of Nuclear Weapons: Stability in the Postwar World,”
International Security 13:2 (Fall 1988): 55–79; and Mueller, Retreat from Doomsday: The
Obsolescence of Major War (New York: Basic Books, 1989). See also Gregg Easterbrook, “The
End of War?” New Republic, May 30, 2005, 18–21. - See Joshua S. Goldstein, Winning the War on War: The Decline of Armed Conflict Worldwide
(New York: Dutton, 2011); and Robert Jervis, “Theories of War in an Era of Leading Power
Peace,” American Po liti cal Science Review 96:1 (March 2002): 1–14.
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