Biology Times (^) March 19
m Protoplasmic respiration: When respiratory substrate is protein
(Exceptionally oxidation of proteins in legume seeds is called floating respiration)
Types of Respiration
On the basis of whether oxygen is present for oxidation of food or not, respiration is divided into
2 types:
m Aerobic respiration: It is the process of complete oxidation of organic molecules in the presence of
molecular oxygen into carbon dioxide and water.m Anaerobic respiration: It is the process of incomplete oxidation of organic molecules in the absence of
molecular oxygen.(i)
(ii)Points in a Nutshell:
m Rate of respiration is measured by Ganong’s respirometer.
m Fermentation was discovered by Gay-Lussac.
m Fermentation can be demonstrated by’Kuhne’s vessel.
m Alcoholic fermentation is the most common type.
m Louis Pasteur first observed that fermentation is an anaerobic process.
m Liberation of heat during respiration is demonstrated by Dewar’s flask experiment.Mechanism of Aerobic Respiration:
The mechanism of respiration involves multistep reactions, so that energy released during small step
reactions can be coupled to ATP synthesis. Most commonly the mechanism of aerobic respiration in
eukaryotes occurs in 4 steps
Step-I: Glycolysis/ or EMP pathway (Embden- Meyerhof-Parnas pathway).