Nature - USA (2020-01-16)

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nature research | reporting summary

October 2018

Field-specific reporting

Please select the one below that is the best fit for your research. If you are not sure, read the appropriate sections before making your selection.

Life sciences Behavioural & social sciences Ecological, evolutionary & environmental sciences

For a reference copy of the document with all sections, see nature.com/documents/nr-reporting-summary-flat.pdf

Life sciences study design

All studies must disclose on these points even when the disclosure is negative.

Sample size In all cases experiments were carried out in at least biological triplicate and in the case of qPCR and the binding assays technical triplicate, as

previously published in the MIQE guidelines. In each case a minimum number of mosquitoes were included in biological replicate in qPCR

analysis (5-10) to ensure enough RNA was produced. For each bioassay over 20 individuals per WHO tube for diagnostic assay, with n greater

than or equal to 3 following standard procedure specified by WHO's Testing Procedures document stating around 120-150 mosquitoes

minimum should be used in these assays (combined exposed+control). In the case of field sample sequencing, we were constrained by the

number of individuals available of the correct species in historical samples.

Data exclusions No data was excluded from the analysis

Replication As described above all experiments were performed with at least three biological replicates and were required, at least three technical

replicated. All experiments were successful; however only 2 samples were available for qPCR of the SAP2 over-expressing line.

Randomization This is not relevant as mosquitoes are reared in large cases, often with over 200 females so selection of females is inherently random.

Blinding Blinding is not possible in this study design as it is necessary to know which tubes contain insecticides and the relevant meta-data for the

sequencing experiments.

Reporting for specific materials, systems and methods

We require information from authors about some types of materials, experimental systems and methods used in many studies. Here, indicate whether each material,

system or method listed is relevant to your study. If you are not sure if a list item applies to your research, read the appropriate section before selecting a response.

Materials & experimental systems

n/a Involved in the study

Antibodies

Eukaryotic cell lines

Palaeontology

Animals and other organisms

Human research participants

Clinical data

Methods

n/a Involved in the study

ChIP-seq

Flow cytometry

MRI-based neuroimaging

Animals and other organisms

Policy information about studies involving animals; ARRIVE guidelines recommended for reporting animal research

Laboratory animals Anopheles gambiae sl female mosquitoes, 3-5 days old

Wild animals No wild animals were involved in this study.

Field-collected samples No mosquitoes were directly collected from field in this study.

Ethics oversight No ethical approval is needed for use of mosquitoes

Note that full information on the approval of the study protocol must also be provided in the manuscript.