The Augustan Revolution
andhismaleandfemalechildren.Theprogrammeisnotableforthepromi-
nencewhichitgivestothefemalemembersofthefamily,afeaturewhich
deservesfurtherconsiderationelsewhere.Theprominenceheregiventothe
ClaudiiNeronesmakesastrikingcontrastwiththefatewhichbefellmost
ofthosementionedwithinthenexttwodecades.EvenbythetimeVelleius
PaterculuswascompletinghisHistoryin..,andpiouslyadvertingtothe
paincausedtoTiberiusbyAgrippinaandhereldestson(,,),thisarch
intheCircusFlaminiusmusthavebeensomewhatembarrassing.Itwould
alsobeinterestingtoknowinwhatwaytheunwarlikeClaudiuswasrepre-
sentedonthistriumphalarch.Noonecouldhaveexpectedthataquarterof
a century later it would be hewhowould have a numberofdevictae gentes
inthenewprovinceofBritaintohiscredit,andwouldbecelebratingatri-
umphofunparalleledsplendour:orthatfarawayinAphrodisiasinCariathey
wouldfeelmovedtocreatethefirsteversymbolicrepresentationofBritan-
nia,intheformofabas-reliefofherbeingconqueredandsubjectedbythe
victoriousClaudiusinperson.^11
AllthisisofcourseextremelysignificantforthepublicideologyofTibe-
rius’reign.Butitallrepresents,nonetheless,wordsandhonoursdirected
towardstheimperialhouse,bytheSenateandPeople.Whatthenofwords
actuallyissuedbymembersoftheimperialfamily?Tacitus,aswesaw,com-
plainedthatwhentheashesofGermanicusarrived,therewasaconspicuous
lackofthesongs(carmina)andeulogies(laudationes)designedtopreservethe
memoryof hisvalour(Ann.,).Butinfact,asthenewtextreveals,such
laudationeshadtakenplace,butearlier,inDecember..,andwithinthe
wallsoftheSenate.DrususCaesar,thesonof Tiberius,deliveredoneora-
tion, and it was agreed that ‘‘the text of it,which he had read in the next
meeting of the Senate’’ (libellus,quem in proxumo senatu recitasset) should be
inscribedonbronzeandputupinpublic.Beforethat,onDecember,the
dateoftheearlieroftwodecreesoftheSenatepassedthismonthinrelation
toGermanicus,Tiberiushimselfhadalsodeliveredalaudatio:thistoowasto
beinscribedandputupinpublic.Thereasonsfordoingsoareexplainedin
detail:‘‘because[thetext]containednotonlyalaudatiobutanaccountofhis
wholelife[vitae totius ordinem]andatruerecordofhisvirtus’’;moreover‘‘he
himself[Tiberius]hadtestifiedinthesametext[libellus]thathewouldnot
wishtoconcealhisdesire[thatthisshouldbedone],andjudgedthatitwas
usefultotheyoungofthenextgenerationandthoseofourposterity[utile
iuventuti liberorum posterorumque nostrorum](Tab. Siar.fr.b,,ll.–).
. K.Erim,‘‘ANewReliefshowingClaudiusandBritanniafromAphrodisias,’’Britannia
():.SeeR.R.R.SmithinJRS():.