Psychology2016

Motivation and Emotion 373

What part does the way we feel about things play in all of our

daily activities—what exactly causes feelings?

Human beings are full of feelings, or emotions, and although emotions may be
internal processes, there are outward physical signs of what people are feeling.

The Three Elements of Emotion

9.8 Describe the three elements of emotion.

The Latin root word mot, meaning “to move,” is the source of both of the words we use in this
chapter over and over again—motive and emotion. Emotion can be defined as the “feeling”

Emotion

the “feeling” aspect of consciousness,

characterized by a certain physical

arousal, a certain behavior that reveals

the emotion to the outside world, and

an inner awareness of feelings.

Simulate the Experiment How Do You Deal With Your Emotions?

Survey HOW DO YOU DEAL WITH YOUR EMOTIONS?

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INTRODUCTION SURVEY RESULTS

Interactive

This survey asks you about your attitudes

toward and experiences with a broad range of

psychological principles and theories.

Click Next to begin the survey

Practice Quiz How much do you remember?

Pick the best answer.

1. Damage to the __ in rats can cause them to starve to
   death, while damage to the __ will cause them to eat and
   eat and eat.
   a. pancreas; stomach
   b. liver; kidneys
   c. ventromedial hypothalamus; lateral hypothalamus
   d. lateral hypothalamus; ventromedial hypothalamus


2. If calorie intake stays the same, as the basal metabolic rate
   decreases, the weight set point
   a. decreases.
   b. increases.

c. stays the same.

d. varies up and down.

3. Jermaine eats a late breakfast at 10:00 A.M. but finds he is hungry
   at 11:30 A.M. when he typically eats lunch. What best explains his
   hunger pains only 90 minutes after eating breakfast?
   a. heredity
   b. social pressure

c. classical conditioning

d. self-actualization

4. In cultures in which Western lifestyles of eating and exercising
   have been adopted, obesity rates have _____ over the
   last 20 years.
   a. remained relatively stable
   b. decreased slightly

c. doubled

d. tripled

Emotion

This chapter began with an overview of the motives that drive human behavior. But people
do more than just behave—they experience feelings during every human action. Human
beings are full of feelings, or emotions, and although emotions may be internal processes,
there are outward physical signs of what people are feeling. This section of the chapter
explores the world of human emotions and how those emotions are connected to both think-
ing and actions. Before we begin, take a moment to take the survey How Do You Deal With
Yo u r E m o t i o n s? to learn more about how you identify, express, and manage your emotions.