Psychology2016

Psychological Disorders 559

Practice Quiz How much do you remember?

Pick the best answer.

1. Who is most likely to be diagnosed with a phobic disorder?
   a. Brianne, who is afraid of snakes after nearly being bitten while
   running
   b. Calista, who is afraid of snakes after watching a documentary on
   poisonous snakes found in her region
   c. Jennifer, who is morbidly afraid of snakes and refuses to even
   look at a picture of a snake
   d. Both Calista and Jennifer’s behavior would qualify as a phobic
   disorder.


2. Amelia has recently given birth to her first child. She mentions
   that she often goes into her baby’s bedroom to check if he is
   still breathing. Would this qualify as an obsessive-compulsive
   disorder (OCD)?
   a. If Amelia continues to carry out this behavior for more than 1 or
   2  days, this would qualify as an OCD.
   b. If Amelia and her husband both carry out this behavior, then it
   would qualify as an OCD.
   c. If Amelia enjoys frequently checking to see that her baby is
   breathing, then this would qualify as an OCD.
   d. As long as Amelia is not compelled to check on her baby and
   does not suffer from severe anxiety if she is unable to do so,
   then this is not an OCD.
   3. Sandy took part in the April 2013 Boston Marathon, where two
   bombs were detonated near the finish line, killing three spectators.
   For approximately 2 weeks after the marathon, Sandy was unable
   to sleep or concentrate and often found herself reliving the moment
   she heard the bombs explode. What disorder might Sandy be
   diagnosed with?
   a. acute stress disorder
   b. posttraumatic stress disorder
   c. phobic disorder
   d. panic disorder
   4. Melanie has just received an exam grade in her psychology class.
   She earned a grade of 89 percent, which is a B. All of her work
   during the semester thus far has earned A grades, and she is
   very upset about the exam score. “This is the worst thing that
   could possibly have happened,” she laments to her best friend,
   Keesha, who just rolls her eyes. A cognitive psychologist would
   suggest that Melanie is employing the cognitive distortion called
   _____.
   a. all-or-nothing thinking
   b. overgeneralization
   c. magnification
   d. minimization

behavioral: anxious behavioral reactions are learned

cognitive: anxiety is result of illogical,

irrational thought processes

biological: anxiety is due to dysfunction in several neurotransmitter systems (e.g.,

serotonin, GABA) and/or difference in brain activation; panic disorder is also hereditary

cultural: anxiety disorders found around the world but particular forms

vary across cultures

all-or-none thinking

overgeneralization

minimization

social anxiety disorder (social

phobia)

(e.g., claustrophobia,

acrophobia)

agoraphobia

panic disorder consists of an individual having recurrent panic attacks that

cause ongoing worry and concern

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) consists of recurring anxiety-provoking thoughts

or obsessions that are only relieved through ritualistic or repetitive behaviors or mental events

stressors; diagnosis differs according

to duration and onset of symptoms,

including dissociation, nightmares,

and reliving the event.

acute stress disorder (ASD)

posttraumatic stress

disorder (PTSD)

generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive worry about lots of things and occurs

more days than not

causes

Disorders of

Anxiety, Trauma,

and Stress

(most dominant

symptom is excessive or

unrealistic anxiety, or

related to traumatic stress)

magnification

Concept Map L.O. 14.4, 14.5, 14.6

Interactive

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