462 LINDA SCHWARTZ
- Talmy (1985) suggests that all lexicalized change-of-state verb roots refer to entry
into a new state. - Boas and Deloria claim that there is no single meaning associated with -pha in all
these forms, but an examination of their list of such verbs (Boas and Deloria
1941:83) confirms that all require animate subjects. - Boas and Deloria (1941:24) note that this predicate is objective-inflected in the
Teton dialect but subjectively-inflected in Yankton and Santee dialects. - The construction in (75) raises the question of morphological marking should be
as evidence of thematic relation identification — the thematic relation of the attri
bute would seem to be location, supporting the traditional localist analysis.
Anderson (1971) claims that there is evidence in Welsh which supports this view
point, where a locative marker can occur with the attribute. He cites Christie
(1969) for similar evidence from Swahili. On the other hand, the structures in (74)
are analogous to possessive structures like (i), where some localist analyses of pos
session (e.g. Jackendoff 1983) assume that the possessed object is a theme located
at the possessor.
(i) Audu yana da kudu.
Audu he-is with money
"Audu has money."
Thus, the morphology of Hausa, at least from this very superficial examination,
would seem to be inconclusive with regard to a consistent thematic analysis of
attributive and identificational constructions and would rather lend support to an
account of these constructions which includes at least the two schemata consid
ered here: locative-subject or theme-subject.
References
Anderson, John. 1971. The Grammar Of Case. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Burzio, Luigi. 1981. Intransitive Verbs and Italian Auxiliaries. Unpublished MIT doc
toral dissertation.. 1986. Italian Syntax. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
Christie, J. 1970. "Locative, Possessive and Existential in Swahili". Foundations of Lan
guage 6.166-177.
Chvany, Catherine. 1975. On the Syntax of BE-Sentences in Russian. Cambridge, Mass.:
Slavica Publishers.
Foley, William and Robert Van Valin, Jr. 1984. Functional Syntax and Universal Gram
mar. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Gruber, Jeffrey. 1975. Studies in Lexical Relations. MIT doctoral dissertation, distri
buted by the Indiana Univ. Linguistics Club.