How_To_Be_Good_At_Math

Index

A

abacus 78

absolute zero 186

acute angles 233

in triangles 241

addition (adding) 78–87

associative law 154

column 86–7

commutative law 15

complimentary 95

decimals 62

expanded column 84–5

facts (pairs) 82

fractions 52

mass 184

order of operations 152, 153

partitioning for 83

positive and negative

numbers 18, 19

repeated 99

shopkeeper’s 93, 95

temperature 187

using a number grid 81

using a number line 80

algebra 301–09

equations 302–05

formulas 306–07, 308–09

sequences 306–07

ancient Egyptian numerals 10–11

angle of rotation 262, 263

angles 230, 231

acute 233

around a point 235

compass directions 254

drawing 238

inside triangles 214, 215,

240–43

measuring 238, 239

obtuse 233

on a straight line 234, 237

opposite 236–37

polygons 212, 213, 218, 246,

247

quadrilaterals 216, 217, 218,

219, 244–45

reflex 233, 239

right 232, 233

straight 232, 233

apex

pyramid 225

triangle 214

approximately equal symbol 24

arcs 216

circles 220, 221

angles 230

area 168–77

complex shapes 174–75

estimating 169

circles 220, 221

formulas for 170–71, 309

parallelograms 173

perimeter and 176–77

triangles 172

arithmetic laws 154–55

and equations 302

arms of angles 230

array 98, 101

open 111, 112

ascending order 23

associative law 154, 303

asymmetry 257

averages 276, 277, 281

axis (axes)

bar charts 286, 287

coordinates 248, 249, 250

line graphs 288, 289,

290, 291

of reflection 260

of symmetry 256

B

Babylonian numerals 10–11

balancing equations 302

bar charts (graphs) 269, 285,

286–87

base of a triangle 214

bearings (compass) 254, 255

block graphs 284

BODMAS (BIDMAS) 152, 153

brackets

associative law 303

coordinates 248

equations 303

negative numbers 18

order of operations 152,

153, 155

C

calculation 77–157

addition 78–87

arithmetic laws 152–55

checking 25

division 128–151

length 162–63

mass 184–85

money 200–01

multiplication 98–127

order of operations for

152–53

subtraction 88–97

temperature 187

calculation (continued)

time 196–97

using a calculator 156–57

calculator

abacus 78

using a 156–57

calendars 195

capacity 178

imperial units 190

cardinal compass points

254

Carroll diagrams 272–73

carrying over 86–7

Celsius (°C) 186, 187

centigrade 186

centimetres (cm) 160, 161

centre of a circle 220

centre of rotation 262, 263

centre of rotational symmetry

258, 259

chance (probability) 296

change (money) 201

charts 269

bar 285, 286–87

pie 292–93, 294–95

tally 284

chord of a circle 220, 221

circles 220–21

concentric 209

lines of symmetry 256, 257

non-polygons 212

order of rotational symmetry

259

pie charts 292, 293

Venn diagrams 274

circumference 220, 221

measurement of 221

clocks 11, 192

coins 199

collecting data 268, 270

column addition 86–7

expanded 84–5

column subtraction 96–7

expanded 94–5

common denominator 51

common factors 29

highest 46

common multiples 30, 51

commutative calculations

addition 78

multiplication 98

commutative law 154, 302

comparing decimals 60

comparing numbers 20–1

comparison symbols 20, 21

compass directions 254–55

compass points 254

compasses (for drawing circles)

294, 295

concentric circles 209

cones 224

congruent triangles 214

conversion factor (imperial units

to metric units) 189

conversion graph 289

converting units

of currency 198, 201

of length 161, 163

of mass 182, 184–85

of time 193, 195

of volume 178, 179

coordinates 248, 249

drawing a polygon 251

position and direction 252,

253

positive and negative 250,

251

counting

with multiples 102–03

quick 24

counting all (adding) 79

counting back (subtraction) 88,

89, 92

counting on (adding) 79

counting up (subtraction) 92

criteria (Carroll diagrams) 272

cross sections of prisms 226

cube numbers 39

cubes (3D shapes) 225

volume 180, 181

nets of 228

cubic units 180

cuboids 224, 225

nets of 229

prisms 227

volume of 181, 309

currencies 198

curved lines 204

circles 220

cylinder 224

net of 229

D

data

averages 276

Carroll diagrams 272–73

charts 269

graphs 269

pictograms 282

tables 269

tally marks 270, 271

Venn diagrams 274–75

data collection 268, 270

data handling 268–69

data presentation 269, 271

bar charts 285

block graphs 284

line graphs 288–89

pie charts 292–93, 294

pictograms 284

Index

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