430 Chapter 13 Anaphora
b. *Na'-kana' patang ta' tobi'.
RED-child PATANG not pinch
(The children did not pinch each other.)
When saleng is used in conjunction with reduplicated reciprocals, its order with
respect to negation is relaxed. This indicates that it is likely being used in its
distributive adverbial function.
(61) Ali ban Hasan saleng ta' kol-pokol-an.
Ali and Hasan SALENG not RED-hit-AN
‘Ali and Hasan did not hit each other.’
(62) Siti ban Marlena saleng ta' rem-kerem-an sorat.
Siti and Marlena SALENG not RED-send-AN letter
‘Siti and Marlena did not send each other letters.’
However, the restriction on its placement with respect to auxiliaries and fre-
quency adverbs when used with reduplicated reciprocals is unchanged.
(63) *Siti ban Marlena saleng kodu remkerem-an sorat.
Siti and Marlena SALENG should RED-send-AN letter
(Siti and Marlena should send each other letters.)
(64) a. Na'-kana' seggut patang tobi'.
RED-child often PATANG pinch
‘The children often pinch each other.’
b. *Na'-kana' patang seggut tobi'.
RED-child PATANG often pinch
(The children often pinch each other.)
The sentence in (63) is ungrammatical precisely because of the order of saleng
and the auxiliary kodu ‘should’. In the grammatical (64a), patang follows the
frequency adverb seggut ‘often’. However, reversing the order of the two words
is unacceptable, as indicated by the fact that (64b) is ungrammatical.
2.3 Stative predicates
Many speakers form reciprocals differently with stative predicates. For the most
part, reduplication and saleng/patang are not used with predicates such as tres-
na ‘love’, ngarte ‘understand’, kennal ‘know’, tao ‘know’, tako' ‘afraid’, busen
‘bored’, percaja ‘believe’, and a host of others. Rather, reciprocals are