A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

(Jeff_L) #1
3.3 Accent 97

[iti'fae'rjajiin] with adjacent-syllable accents. The "regular" pattern of
secondary accents is therefore most easily found in elicitation, especially when
the informant repeats an utterance.
In multi-word accentual phrases, the same basic pattern arises. In
particular, accented clitics like Centripetal -\idd or Centrifugal -\hin, and
accented pre-verbal particles like Past kaeld may have their lexical accent
overridden by the alternating accent rule. An example is (74), whose
underlying form is /a-\hin itaw-aev/. Default accent appears on the i, resulting
in the erasure of the lexical accent on the Centrifugal clitic and the appearance
of a secondary accent on the Future preverb. The same caveat about on-line
production variation made above for single-word forms is even more pertinent
here; the smooth rhythms of (74) are most often heard in repetitions.


(74) a-\hin Itaw-aer
FutACentrif forget.ShlmpfP-lSgS
Ί will forget.'


Except for compounds not involving Possessive an (§5.2.1), sequences
like noun + noun (e.g. subject noun followed by object noun), noun +
demonstrative, and noun + participle (75) are not accentual phrases.
Therefore the second word is always independently accented.


(75) ae-hcilas i-jjds-aen
Sg-man 3MaSgS-enter.Reslt-Partpl.MaSg
'a man who has gone inside.'

A further comment is needed about possessed NP's of the type [X [an Y]]
'the X of Y'. When Y is unaccented and has fewer than three syllables, default
accent falls on the Possessive preposition an, hence [X [an Y]]. However, if X
is V-final, and/or if Y is V-initial, the Possessive preposition is realized as n,
and in this nonsyllabic allomorph it cannot host an accent. In this case, a
phrasal accent that would normally occur on an is heard instead on the final
syllable ofX


(76) a.

b.

edl η am-an
dog Poss water-MaPl
'water dog' (for/edi [an am-an]/)

t-ä-ra-t-t η am-an
Fe-Sg-goat-Fe-FeSg Poss water-MaPl
'water goat' (for Λ-α-γα-t-t [an am-an]/)

In addition to the phrasal accents described above, there is another type of
accentual interaction that is difficult to pin down (without an extensive
instrumental analysis of natural data) but may require separate treatment. This
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