jeff_l
(Jeff_L)
#1
376 7 Verbal morphology
For -biwvs- 'be wounded', the PerfP is T-ka -aebewaes- and A-grm
-abbewaes-. However, for R and K-d I got an alternative basic stem -buyvs-,
hence PerfP -aeboyaes-. For other cases of metathesis see §3.2.2.1.
Another irregular verb is 'go north' (also 'look up' and other senses),
whose basic form seems to hesitate between -juzvy- and -jizvy-. Most of the
data point to -juzvy- (e.g. PerfP attestations are widespread -aejozasy- or
-segozaey-, and A-grm -agguzzaey-; LoImpfP attestations are widespread
-t-yuzuy- and A-grm -t-"iguzziy-). However, a-jizay is attested (T-md) as an
uncommon term for 'north', the regular VblN is attested both as α-juzay and
α-jizay, and Imprt jazasy was recorded for T-ka (versus jü^ay in most dialects,
A-grm güzzay). That jazaey with short imperfective melody, usually a
sign of lexical i, was once more widespread is suggested by the archaic phrasal
compound jazaey t-a-fukk 'Heliotropium plant' (originally "look/go up to the
sun!"), cf. §5.2.4.8.
As throughout this chapter, the data here are from underived verbs.
However, in the case of -CuCvC- verbs it is important to mention that
causative -s-uCvC- and mediopassive -m-uCvC-, whether derived from
-vPPvC- or -uCvC- stems, have their own idiosyncracies with respect to
vocalism. Specifically, mediopassive -m-uCvC- strong favors i as medial full
V and avoids C,-Gemination, hence -m-iCvC- (PerfP -aem-eCasC-, Imprt
m-aCasC), while causative -s-uCvC- (at least in T-ka) strongly favors u and
implements C,-Gemination in the perfectives (but not in the Shlmpf), hence
-s-uCvC- (PerfP -aess-oCaiC-, Imprt s-aCaeC). See chapter 8 for details
including dialectal variation.
It can also be mentioned that non-augment V-final -CDCU- verbs, which
generally treat the medial vowel in the same way as -CuCvC- stems, include a
few -CuCi> verbs with lexical u (as well as some -CiCu- verbs with medial i)
that have melody in imperfectives: -hunu- 'move out', PerfP -aehona-,
Imprt /ham/. A greater number of -CuCo- verbs, however, have
imperfective melody (§7.3.1.14).
7.3.1.8 Full-V-initial C-final -vCvC- and -vCCvC-
Verbs with final V, and verbs with medial full V, have now been covered. It
remains to cover verbs with initial full V, before proceeding to verbs with
more than one of these characteristics, and to adjectival verbs that have their
own special features.
Initial full V's occur only in light stems. The basic stem-shapes for this
section are therefore -uCvC- and -uCCvC-. (For verbs with both initial and
final full V's, i.e. OCD- and -UCCU-, see §7.3.1.15). Heavy stems (excluding
imperfectives of adjectival verbs) are all C-initial.
The major set of -uCvC- and -uCCvC- verbs has a complex vocalism,
where the initial full V appears as ο in perfectives, α in short imperfectives,
and (in most dialects) i in long imperfectives. I will present this class first.
