8.5 Participles (subject relatives) 487b. χ-pcl audible after Default Accentuation, no audible χ-pcl
'bite' -(t-)addad- w-α i-dddd-aen
w-a i-t-addad-aenThe effect of χ-pcl Erasure can be seen in the shortened ae or a in the first
syllable of the LoImpfP stem (following 3MaSg i-) in the participles in the
right-hand column in (503.a). There is no shortened V in the participle of 'bite'
(503.b), since the full α in -(t-)adddd- is not due to χ-pcl, rather to χ-f, as is
shown by retention of the full V in the other long imperfective stems, e.g.
LoImpfN -(t-)addid-. In (503.a), the χ-pcl accent formative is theoretically
still present in the participles, but is overridden by Default Accentuation. For
'sit', we get surface penultimate accent since Default Accentuation applies
before VV-Contraction in non-augment V-final stems.
χ-pcl Erasure has the effect of making it difficult to distinguish the
(modified) LoImpfP from the Prohib stem. In their full forms (in main
clauses), the two share the ablaut features common to all long imperfectives,
but differ in that the LoImpfP also has χ-pcl and χ-pcl. Therefore the erasure
of χ-pcl and the overriding of χ-pcl by Default Accentuation in (503.a) do
result in surface neutralization of the difference between LoImpfP and Prohib
(causing no real ambiguity, since the Prohib has no participles). However,
participial i-ddad-aen in (503.c) has an unmistakable, accented LoImpfP stem;
compare unaccented Prohib stem -sddad-.
The full set of LoImpfP participles for -ryvmu- 'sit', cf. (503.a), and for
-hinu- 'move out', cf. (500) (§8.5.2, above), is given in (504). Again, the
MaSg and FeSg show surface penultimate accent because Default
Accentuation precedes VV-Contraction.
(504) LoImpfP Participles for Middleweight V-final 'sit' and 'move out'
Stem-final α remains full in the LoImpfP before -nen, being protected by
the χ-f length formative. Before -sen and -aet suffixes, stem-final α contracts
with /ae/ to form e.
In the LoImpfP, unlike the perfective system, there are also some instances
of
stems of V-initial and V-final light stems like -υδυ- 'butcher' (PerfP -osa-,
Lolmpf -t-ls- from /-t-lsi-/). In (505), compare the LoImpfP participles of
'butcher' and 'drink'.
'sit'
-Yvymu-'move out'
-huni>MaSg w-α i-t-aersyme-n w-α i-t-aehäne-n
FeSg t-a 0-t-aersyme-t t-α 0-t-aehane-t
(Ma)Pl w-i t-asraeyma-nen w-i t-aehana-nen