A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

13.4 Add-on small clauses 681

b. a-\dd asa-naet

FutACentrip arrive.ShImpf-3FePlS

[aja-naet ae-safu]

[do.ShImpf-3FePl Sg-greeting]

'They-FePl will come and greet ("do greeting").'

c. ad 3W3t-asr t-e-haele

Fut hit.Shlmpf-lSgS Fe-Sg-sheep

[aeijY-aeq-\qast]

[kill.ShlmpfP- 1 SgS-\3FeSgO]

Ί will hit and kill the sheep.' (lit. "I will hit the sheep (and) I

will kill it")

d. ad n-addsh ras [n-armas

Fut 1 PIS-pound.Shlmpf only [lPlS-take.Shlmpf

a-laebaejja Yds] [n-aej-\e]

Sg-alabajja only] [lPlS-do.ShImpf-3SgO]

'We'll pound (grain), and get alabajja (a dish), and make it.'

[K]

e. raddasT e-zaskaen-nasm

patch.LoImpfP Sg-cloth.tent-2FeSgPoss

0-s-afal-sd i-laemaw-aen-naem

2S-Caus.LoImpfP-tan-2SgS Pl-skin-MaPl-2FeSgPoss

'Patch together your cloth tent and tan your hides.' [K]

In a conditional antecedent, it is possible to add a second verb in PerfP

form to a first verb in PerfP or Resit form, without repeating ajud 'if. In

(829.a), the first verb eat' is Resit, and the "conjoined" verb 'drink' is PerfP,

showing neutralization of PerfP and Resit in favor of the PerfP in the add-on

clause. (829.b), however, shows that an add-on can have a Resit verb if

required by the semantics of the verb. (829.c) combines a positive main

antecedent clause with a negated add-on clause.

(829) a. ajud t-akse-d t-aswe-d,

if 2S-eat.Reslt-2SgS 2S-drink. PerfP-2SgS,

ad t-ahlaylay-aed

Fut 2S-be.happy.ShImpf-2SgS

'If (=when) you have eaten and drunk, you will be happy.'