- A few gaps may demand a vocabulary item consistent with the topic of the text; or a word which is part of
an idiomatic expression (example: Good heavens!); or a word which collocates with another one (example:
do a job); or a word which is part of a phrasal verb (example: I was held up by traffic).
EXERCISESMark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that best fits each of the blank:
PASSAGE 1
Clean freshwater resources are essential for drinking, bathing, cooking, irrigation, industry, and for
plant and animal (1) . Unfortunately, the global supply of freshwater is (2) unevenly. Chronic
water shortages (3) in most ofAfricaand drought is common over much of the globe. The (4) of
most freshwater supplies - groundwater (water located below the soil surface), reservoirs, and rivers - are
under severe and (5) environmental stress because of overuse, water pollution, and ecosystem
degradation. Over 95 percent of urban sewage in (6) countries is (7) ____ untreated into surface
waters such as rivers and harbors;
About 65 percent of the global freshwater supply is used in (8) and 25 percent is used in industry.
Freshwater (9) therefore requires a reduction in wasteful practices like (10) ____ irrigation, reforms in
agriculture and. industry, and strict pollution controls worldwide.
A. survive B. survived C. surviving D. survival
A. delivered B. distributed C. provided D. given
A. exist B. lie C. show D. l:itay
A. resources B. springs C. sources D. starting
A. increasing B. growing C. climbing D. ascending
A. growing B. miserable C. poverty D. developing
A. recharged B. discharged C. charged D. discharging
A. farming B. planting C. agriculture D. growing
A. reservation B. conservation C. preservation D. retention
A. ineffective B. illogical C. irrational D. inefficient
PASSAGE 2
Some time ago, scientists began experiments to find out (1)__ it would be possible to set up a
“village” under the sea. A special room was built and lowered (2)__ the water of Port Sudan in the
Red Sea. For 29 days, five men lived (3)__ a depth of 40 feet. At a (4)__ lower level, another two
divers stayed for a week in a smaller “house”. On returning to the surface, the men said that they had
experienced no difficulty in breathing and had (5)__ many interesting scientific observations. The
captain of the party, Commander Cousteau, spoke of the possibility of (6)__ the seabed. He said that
some permanent stations were to be set up under the sea, and some undersea farms would provide food for
the growing population of the world.
The divers in both “houses” spent most of their time (7)__ the bottom of the sea. On four
occasions, they went down to 360 feet and observed many extraordinary (8)__ of the marine life, some
of which had never been seen before. During their stay, Commander Cousteau and his divers reached a
depth of 1,000 feet and witnessed a gathering of an immense (9)__ of crabs which numbered, perhaps,
hundreds of millions. They also found out that it was (10)__ to move rapidly in the water in a special
vessel known as a “diving saucer”.
- A. which B. what C. how D. whether