344
Numbers in bold indicate main entries.
A
Abell, George 250
abiogenesis 156–59
acceleration 42–43, 65–67, 218, 220
Adams, John Couch 87
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 300
Agassiz, Louis 108, 109, 128–29
air 18, 21, 79, 82–83, 84, 112–13, 223
speed of light in 108, 136, 137
air pressure 32, 46–49, 112, 152, 153, 154
air pumps 47–48, 49
air resistance 42, 43, 65, 66
Airy, George 102
Akiba, Tomoichiro 318, 319
Albert I, Prince of Monaco 81
alchemy 14, 19, 48, 79
algorithms 19, 252, 253
Alhazen 12, 13, 19, 28–29, 43, 45, 50
alkali metals 114, 119, 176, 178
alleles 171
alloys 24
alpha helix 280, 281, 282
alpha particles 12, 194, 210, 211, 213, 231
Alpher, Ralph 244, 245
amino acids 156, 159, 275, 278, 283
Ampère, André-Marie 120, 121, 183,
184, 334
Anaximander of Miletus 23
Anaximenes 21
Anderson, Carl 246, 247
Anderson, William French 322–23
Andromeda nebula 240
angular momentum 80, 231, 311
animal electricity 92, 93, 114
Anning, Mary 15, 108, 109, 116 –17
antibiotics, resistance to 318, 319
antimatter 235, 246–47, 269, 307
antiparticles 208, 246, 304, 307, 314
Archimedes 18, 24–25, 36
Aristarchus of Samos 18, 22, 36, 37, 38
Aristotle 12, 18, 21, 28, 32, 33, 36, 42,
45, 48, 53, 60, 64–65, 74, 132, 156
Arndt, Markus 320
Arrhenius, Svante 294
artificial intelligence 268, 286–91
Aryabhata 330
atmosphere 14, 15, 79, 123, 274–75,
294, 315
atomic bomb 201, 262, 264–65
atomic clocks 216, 221
atomic number 179, 212
atomic shells 212–13, 228, 230–31, 258
atomic theory 206–13, 228
atomic weights 15, 108, 112–13, 162,
176–79, 208
atoms 56, 105, 139
arrangement of 125
bonding 119, 124, 162–65, 201, 256–59
nuclear model 192
splitting 201, 208, 260–65
structure of 15, 179, 192, 193, 201,
206–13, 228, 229–31
Avicenna 98
Avogadro, Amedeo 105, 112, 113B
Baade, Walter 248, 251
Babbage, Charles 334
Bacon, Francis 12, 28, 29, 32, 45 , 222
Bacon, Roger 56
bacteria 33, 57, 158, 159, 196, 197, 278,
279, 300, 301, 318, 319, 324, 325
Bada, Jeffrey 27
Baekeland, Leo 140–41
Bakewell, Robert 115
Ballot, Christophorus Buys 126, 127
Banks, Joseph 93, 94–95
barium 263
barometers 32, 47–49, 152, 154
bases 278, 279, 281, 282, 283, 325
Bateson, William 168, 170, 171
batteries 13, 15, 73, 93–95, 108, 119, 120
Bauhin, Caspar 60
Beaufort, Francis 152, 153
Becher, Johann Joachim 84
Becker, Herbert 213Becquerel, Henri 192, 208–09, 210
Béguyer de Chancourtais, A 177, 179
behavior, innate and learned 201, 249
Beijerinck, Martinus 196–97
Bell, Jocelyn 248, 339
Bell, John 285
benzene 109, 163–65, 258
Berlesi, Antonio 53
Bernard, Claude 335
Berners-Lee, Tim 339
Bernoulli, Daniel 24, 46, 72, 139, 333
Berthollet, Claude Louis 105
Berti, Gasparo 47
Berzelius, Jöns Jakob 105, 108, 119 ,
124, 125, 162
beta decay 194, 292
beta particles 194, 210
Bethe, Hans 270, 273
Big Bang 15, 201, 241, 242, 243, 244–45,
250, 293, 299, 305, 310–14
binary stars 108, 127
biomes 134
Biot, Jean-Baptiste 122
birds, evolution of 109, 172–73
al-Biruni 98
black bodies 202, 203–05
black holes 15, 88–9, 201, 248, 251, 264,
269, 313, 314
Black, Joseph 72, 76–77, 78, 82, 122
Blaese, Michael 322
Bloch, Eugène 337
blood, circulation of 14, 331
blueshift 127, 239, 327
Bode, Johann Elert 87
Bohm, David 233, 337
Bohr, Niels 13, 176, 212, 228, 229, 230,
232, 234, 235, 256, 263, 284, 285, 337
Boltwood, Bertram 100
Boltzmann, Ludwig 139 , 202, 204–05
bonds, chemical 119, 124, 162, 162–63,
201, 254–59
Bonnet, Charles 85
Bonpland, Aimé 133, 135
Born, Max 230, 232, 234, 246, 262, 264, 337
Bose, Satyendra Nath 231
bosons 231, 272, 292–93, 298–99, 304,
305, 306, 307, 311, 312
botany 18, 33, 61, 168–71
Bothe, Walther 213INDEX