C

H

A P T

E

R

5

The Roman Republic

CHAPTER OUTLINE

AND FOCUS QUESTIONS

The Emergence of Rome

Q What impact did geography have on the history of

Rome, and what influence did the Greeks and

Etruscans have on early Roman history?

The Roman Republic (ca. 509–264B.C.E.)

Q What were the major political institutions of the

Roman republic, and what policies and institutions

help explain the Romans’ success in conquering

Italy?

The Roman Conquest of the Mediterranean

(264–133B.C.E.)

Q How did Rome achieve its empire from 264 to 133

B.C.E., and what is meant by the phraseRoman

imperialism?

Society and Culture in the Roman World

Q How did the acquisition of an empire affect Roman

social and economic institutions, values and

attitudes, and art and literature?

The Decline and Fall of the Roman Republic

(133–31B.C.E.)

Q What were the main problems Rome faced during

the last century of the republic, and how were they

ultimately resolved?

CRITICAL THINKING

QWhat did the Roman poet Horace mean when

he wrote, “Captive Greece took captive her

rude conqueror”?

CONNECTIONS TO TODAY

QWhat lessons does the fall of the Roman

republic offer to the United States today?

Horatius defending the bridge as envisioned by Tommaso Laureti, a

sixteenth-century Italian painter

Musei Capitolini, Rome//Giraudon/The Bridgeman Art Library

EARLY ROMAN HISTORYis filled with

legendary tales of the heroes who made Rome

great. One of the best known is the story of

Horatius at the bridge. Threatened by attack from

the neighboring Etruscans, Roman farmers

abandoned their fields and moved into the city,

where they would be protected by the walls. One

weak point in the Roman defenses, however, was a

94

Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.

`ˆÌi`Ê܈̅Ê̅iÊ`i“œÊÛiÀȜ˜ÊœvÊ

˜vˆÝÊ*ÀœÊ*Ê

`ˆÌœÀÊ

/œÊÀi“œÛiÊ̅ˆÃʘœÌˆVi]ÊۈÈÌ\Ê