Western Civilization

CHAPTER TIMELINE

CHAPTER REVIEW

Upon Reflection

Q What are the similarities and dissimilarities in the

development of England, France, and the German

empire?

Q The medieval Catholic Church developed in the

High Middle Ages at two levels, an institutional

level and a popular religion level. What are the

most important features of each level?

Q What were the motivations of the Crusaders, and

how successful were they?

Key Terms

common law(p. 223)

reconquista(p. 227)

boyars(p. 231)

lay investiture(p. 232)

papal curia(p. 233)

interdict(p. 233)

sacraments(p. 233)

Eucharist(p. 237)

relics(p. 237)

crusade(p. 238)

sultan(p. 241)

1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300

Investiture Controversy

Innocent III and papal power

Norman conquest of England

Reconquest of Spain

Henry II, first of the Plantagenets

First

Parliament

in England

Reign of Pope Gregory VII

First Crusade Second Crusade Third Crusade against the Albigensians

Crusade

Frederick I and the

Hohenstaufen dynasty

Louis IX (Saint Louis)

Mongol conquest of Russia

Frederick II

Magna Carta

First

Estates-General

in France

Sack of Constantinople

Children’s Crusade End of Christian

presence in

the Holy Land

Chapter Summary • 247

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