NOTES
pp. [114–116]^
- V[ladimir] Vinogradov, “Sovetskie voiny v Egipte,” in Safonov et al., Grif, p. 11; “K isto-
rii Sovetsko-Egipetskikh otnosheny,” in Meyer et al., To g d a, pp. 14–15. - See, e.g., 18th Air Defense Division’s history webpage, http://www.hubara-rus.ru/kavkaz.
html#12.69, which dates the visit to early December and Grechko’s order to commence
Kavkaz later the same month; Zolotarev, Rossiya, p. 189; Gen. Aleksey Smirnov, inter-
viewed in Andrey Pochtarev, “Kak podrezali kryl’ya fantomam,” Krasnaya Zvezda,
14 January 2000; Col. Konstantin Popov, in Aleksey Galanin, “Boi nad piramidani,”
Shchelkovo Vremya (Russia), 19 December 2007; Valery Yaremenko, “Sovetsko-egipetskoe
voennoe sotrudnichestvo nakanune i v khode oktyabr’skoy voyny 1973 goda,” in Vartanov
et al., Rukopozhatie, p. 44. For additional sources and a detailed discussion, see Ginor,
“Arab Helmet.” - Isaenko, “Eta vera,” a review of Kubersky’s “novel” Egipet-69.
- Kubersky, Egipet-69, Part 1.
- Col. Asher Snir, “Boom al-qoli be-Qahir,” Heyl ha-Avir (IAF magazine), 54 (November
1986), pp. 12–15. Snir led the pair that was sent north of Cairo to overfly the nuclear
reactor and air base at Inshas. - For example, “a pair of IAF Mirages ... flew over Nasser’s Cairo home and Cairo-West air-
port, creating sonic booms ... Nasser was embarrassed and angry.” Benny Morris, Righteous
Victims: A History of the Zionist–Arab Conflict, 1881–1999, New York: Knopf, 1999,
p. 350. “They were flying to photograph installations around Cairo, and to shake the cap-
ital with a sonic boom ... to deter the Eg yptians.” Col. Eliezer Cohen, Israel’s Best Defense:
The First Full Story of the Israeli Air Force, New York: Crown, 1993, p. 27. - Shalom, Phantoms, vol. 1, pp. 273–6. Col. Yury Makarenko, who in 1972 (as a major)
commanded a spetsnaz radio-technical detachment in the top-secret Mt Muqatem facil-
ity, describes it as built underground in an artificially deepened crater. His outfit’s func-
tion was to monitor and disrupt IDF signals; in 2008, he preferred not to discuss its equip-
ment and capabilities. Interviewed in Meyden, “Na rasstoyanii.” - UPI, London, “Unprecedented Reconnaissance,” News-Sentinel (Lodi, CA), 28 June 1969,
p. 2. - “Nasser has replaced the top two Eg yptian Air Force officers, apparently in a move to
improve standards.” Paul Kidd, “Cairo Today,” Montreal Gazette, 19 June 1969; “It was
probably the Hamadi [air] raid [on 30 April] which led to the [dismissal of ] two key EAF
officers.” Francis Ofner, Tel Aviv, “Semiwar,” CSM, 26 June 1969, p. 1. - NYT Service, Beirut, “Israeli Planes Buzz Cairo, Draw No Eg yptian Reaction,” Spokesman-
Review (Spokane), 30 June 1969, p. 12; UPI, “Mideast Clashes pose New Crisis,” citing
“Cairo reports,” Press (Pittsburgh), 23 June 1969, p. 38. - Mikhail Zhirokhov, “Soviet Pilots in Eg ypt,” Aero Historian, 38, 12 (December 2004),
p. 6, http://www.airwar.ru/history/locwar/bv/sovegipet/sovegipet.htm. A history of
Arab air forces doubts that the sonic boom affair caused Hinnawy’s ouster: “[his] period
as commander, focusing ... on reorganization and intensive training, had come to a close,
and he was replaced by an aggressive leader.” Nicolle and Cooper, Arab MiG Units, p. 2. - “Air Defense Forces Historical Background.”