Early Medieval Spain. Unity in Diversity, 400–1000 (2E)

REFERENCES 293

administrators: Isa, Hajib under 'Abd al-Rai:lman II, his son Umayya, a vizier under

Muhammad I, and his grandson 'Abd al-Rai:lman, Hajib to the Amir Al-Mundhir.

6 THE UMAVYAD REGIME

1. Aimoin, De Translatione SS MM Georgii, Aurelii et Nathaliae, P.L. 1I5, ce. 942-60, in
   which Frankish monks used the evacuation to facilitate their departure from Cordoba.


2. C. Sanchez-Albornoz, 'Data della Batalla de Covadonga' in his Origenes de la Nacion
   espatiola (B2(d) ), pp. 97-135.


3. Ibn Hayy an , tr. P. de Gayangos, in his edition of Al-Maqqari (A2(c», vol. II, pp.
   448-50.


4. Ibn al-Athir (B2(c», p. 151; AI-Bay an (B2(c) ), p. 102.


5. Ibn Hazm in Al-Maqqari (A2(c) ) VI. iii, p. 107; Ibn al-Athir (B2(c», pp. 168-70,
   177-9.


6. For Toledo see J. Porres, Histaria de Tulaytula (711-1085) (Toledo, 1985); M.
   Almagro, Guia de Merida, 6th ed. (Madrid, 1965), pp. 29-33, on the Alcazaba erected
   by 'Abd ai-Rahman II: see also pp. 18-21.


7. Ibn al-Athir (B2(c», pp. 139-40.


8. E. Levi-Provenyal and E. Garcia Gomez, Una cronica anonima de 'Abd ai-Rahman III
   ai-Nasir (Madrid-Granada, 1950) pp. 91-5.


9. A. CaiiadaJuste, 'Los Banu Qasi', Principe de Viana, 41 (1980); pp. 5-96.


10. W. Montgomery Watt, History of Islamic Spain (A2(c», pp. 128-31; see also D.M.
    Dunlop, Arab Civzlisation to AD 1500 (London and Beirut, 1971), pp. 65-6 and note 195,
    p.283.


11. C. Sanchez-Albornoz, 'EI Tercer Rey de EspaI1a', Cuademos de Hist01ia de Espatia,
    49-50 (1969) pp. 5-49.


12. Ibn al-Athir (B2(c) ), pp. 1I8-25; AI-Bayan (B2(c) ), pp. 85-8.


13. Ibn al-Athir, pp. 206-7; J. Gil (ed.), Cronicas asturianas (B2(d) ), pp. 140-1.


14. Ibn al-Athir, p. 197.


15. Al-Maqqari (A2(c» VI. iii, vol. II, pp. 106-7.


16. C. Verlinden, 'Traite et Esclavage dans la Vallee de la Meuse', in Melanges Felix
    Rousseau (Bruxelles, 1958) pp. 673-86.


17. Ibn Hawqal (B3(c) ), p. 62.


18. Al-Maqqari (A2(c» VII. i, vol. II, p. 200, and n. I, p. 482.


19. On which see F. Hernandez Gimenez, Madinat al-Zahra: arquitectura J decoraci6n
    (Granada, 1985). The location of 'Medina Azahira' is uncertain.


20. A.A. EI-Hajji, 'The Andalusian Diplomatic Relations with the Vikings during the
    Umayyad Period' Hesphis Tamuda, 8 (1967) pp. 67-1I0.


21. J. Gil (ed.), Cronicas asturianas (B2(d», pp. 142-3, 148-9.


22. Al-Maqqari (A2(c» VI. iv, vol. II, p. 127, Ibn al-Athir (B2(c», p. 235.


23. A.A. EI-Hajji, art. cit. p. 75.


24. P. Guichard, 'Animation Maritime et Developpement Urbain des Cotes de rEurope
    Orientale et du Languedoc au X' Siecle', Occident et Orient au Xe Siecle (Paris, 1979) p.


25. 
    


26. S. Sobreques, EZs Grans Comtes de Barcelona, 3rd edn. (Barcelona, 1980) pp. 7-10.


27. Ibn al-Athir (B2(c) ), pp. 143-4, 150, 151-2.


28. Ibn Hayyan, Muqtams, V (B2(c», pp. 323--36.


29. AI-Ba)'a/! (B2(c», p. 102.


30. Ibn Hayyan in Al-Maqqari (A2(c» VII. i, vol. II, pp. 194-5.


31. See the arguments of T.F. Glick, Islamic and Christian Spain in the Earl), Middle Ages
    (A3(c) ).


32. Ibn Hayyan in Al-Maqqari (A2(c» VI. vi, vol. II, pp. 163-43.


33. Al-Maqqari (A2(c» III. iii, vol. I, p. 237.