Middle East 623
MID#4113
Dispute Number: 4113
Date(s): November 6, 1994 to November 9, 1994
Participants: 630 Iran/645 Iraq
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: Iran alleged to the United Nations that, from September 16–29, 1994, Iraq
committed 34 violations of the ceasefire including firing on Iranian territory, concen-
tration of forces, installing machine guns, reinforcement of positions and more. These
allegations had a lot to do with civil unrest in Iran, and Iraq allowing Iranian rebels to
cross the border to attack Iran and station headquarters on Iraqi soil. Iran retaliated on
November 6, when it fired five missiles at the rebels Ashraf camp, 50 miles west of
the Iranian border, and 40 miles north of Baghdad. Iranian warplanes bombed portions
of northern Iraq understood to harbor Iranian rebels three days later.
Coding changes: End Date changed from November 6, 1994.
MID#4192
Dispute Number: 4192
Date(s): July 25, 1996 to January 1997
Participants: 630 Iran/645 Iraq
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: On July 27, 1996, approximately 2,000 Iranian troops entered Iraq to
attack Kurdish rebels. The rebels reciprocated with their own attack the following day.
Iran continued the attacks in August and also seized four Iraqi soldiers. Iraq protested
each of these incidents and also warned the United Nations that Iran was massing
troops in September. Eventually, in January 1997, Iraq sent three divisions to fortify
its northern border.
Coding changes: Start Date changed from July 27, 1996.
MID#4205
Dispute Number: 4205
Date(s): September 29, 1997 to November 8, 1997
Participants: 630 Iran/645 Iraq
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: Iran bombed bases of the Mojahedin-e Khalq, an Iranian leftist group, in
northern Iraq on September 29, 1997. Iraqi forces violated the no-fly zone established
by coalition forces and responded with air force jets to the area. Iraq also seized an
Iranian fishing crew in November, and the crew remained arrested well into 1998,
with the Iranians protesting for their release in April.