General Introduction (Ch’ongsŏ) 13The king [Kongmin] said to Hwanjo, “I want you to go back to your post
right away and pacify our people. If anything happens, you follow my
orders.”
In the fifth month of the same year, after suppressing Ki Ch’ŏl, the
king ordered Yu Inu, the deputy director (pusa) of the Security Council
(Milchiksa), to lead an army to subjugate Ssangsŏng. Inu and others arrived
in Tŭngju but hesitated to advance further, staying more than 200 li away
from Ssangsŏng. When the king heard of it, he appointed Hwanjo acting
district defender (si sobuyun), bestowing on him a purple golden pouch
decorated with figures of fish (chagŭm ŏdae)^47 and also elevated his rank to
grand master for central appearance [rank 3b]. Then he dispatched Chŏng
Sin’gye, assistant military commandant (pyŏngma p’an’gwan), to Hwanjo
with his royal decree and ordered him to join the main forces against
the rebels.
Upon receiving the royal order, Hwanjo immediately took action and
marched secretly until he joined the forces of Yu Inu. As the combined forces
[led by Hwanjo] attacked and captured Ssansŏng, the rebel leaders, including
Sosaeng and Togyŏng, ran away at night, abandoning their wives and chil-
dren. As a result, Koryŏ was finally able to recover many fortresses such as
Hwaju, Tŭngju, Chŏngju,^48 Changju,^49 Ye j u ,^50 Koju,^51 Munju,^52 Ŭiju,
Sŏndŏkchin,^53 Wŏnhŭngjin^54 , Yŏnginjin,^55 Yodŏkchin,^56 Chŏngbyŏnjin,^57
and so on, as well as the territories north of Hamju, such as Hamnan,^58
Honghŏn,^59 and Samsal. These territories were seized by Yuan during the
- This pouch, a symbol of royal favor and recognition, was designed to be decoratively
attached to the belt of the ceremonial court dress of officials. - An old name of Chŏngp’yŏng in South Hamgyŏng Province.
- An old name of Changgok in South Hamgyŏng Province.
- An old name of Yewŏn; located 45 li south of Chŏngp’yŏng in South Hamgyŏng prov-
ince. - An old name of Kowŏn county in Hamgyŏng Province.
- An old name of Munch’ŏn in South Hamgyŏng Province.
- A subdistrict in Chŏngp’yŏng in South Hamgyŏng Province.
- A subdistrict of Chŏngp’yŏng in South Hamgyŏng Province.
- A subdistrict of Tŏgwŏn in South Hamgyŏng Province. Its original name was Hop’o.
- Located 120 li west of Yŏnghŭng, South Hamgyŏng Province. Its original name was
Hyŏndŏkchin. - Located 60 li east of Yŏnghŭng, South Hamgyŏng Province.
- According to the General Overview of Korean Administrative Geography, Hamnan
indicates Ssangsŏng or Yŏnghŭng. (vol. VI, 159). - An old name for Hongwŏn in South Hamgyŏng Province.